Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2005
Case ReportsAnesthetic management of a 9-year-old child undergoing resection of a tracheal tumor.
Primary tracheal tumors in children are rare. We report the anesthetic management of a 9-year-old child undergoing resection of a midtracheal tumor obstructing approximately 73% of the tracheal lumen. ⋯ Oxygenation and ventilation were adequately maintained throughout the period of anesthesia. Anesthetic management for tracheal tumor resection should reflect the location of the tumor and the degree of tracheal obstruction.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2005
Psoas compartment block in children: Part I--description of the technique.
Until recently only small series of psoas compartment blocks (PCB) in children have been reported. A high incidence of epidural spread as an important side effect was noted. A series of 100 consecutive blocks using new standardized landmarks is reported. ⋯ The described new technique has a very high success rate with no relevant side effects. Although only one case of epidural spread occurred, PCB remains an invasive technique with the potential for serious complications.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · May 2005
Anatomical considerations of the pediatric ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve block.
The ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve block is safe, effective and easy to perform in order to provide analgesia for a variety of inguinal surgical procedures in pediatric patients. A relatively high failure rate of 10-25% has been reported, even in experienced hands. The aim of this study was to determine the exact anatomical position of the ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerves in relation to an easily identifiable constant bony landmark, the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) in neonates and infants. The current ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve block techniques were also evaluated from an anatomical perspective. ⋯ We suggest that the high failure rate of the ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve block in this age group could be due to lack of specific spatial knowledge of the anatomy of these nerves in infants and neonates. This cadaver-based study suggests an insertion point closer to the ASIS, approximately 2.5 mm (range: 1.0-4.9) from the ASIS on a line drawn between the ipsilateral ASIS and the umbilicus.