Paediatric anaesthesia
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Apr 2005
Case ReportsArgatroban for anticoagulation during cardiopulmonary bypass in an infant.
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a rare, but potentially life-threatening complication of heparin therapy. In patients with HIT, alternative means of anticoagulation are necessary. ⋯ The direct thrombin inhibitor, argatroban, was successfully used. Previous reports regarding the use of argatroban and other nonheparin anticoagulants for anticoagulation are reviewed and suggestions regarding argatroban dosing in infants are presented.
-
The aim of this study was to assess the time needed to trigger an occlusion alarm, and the influence of the type of infusion pump, type and size of the syringe, and the set infusion rate. ⋯ Our results showed that activation of occlusion alarms on both pumps takes a considerable time, and that the mean time to alarm activation was longer with low infusion rates and larger syringes. To reduce occlusion alarm delays smaller sized syringes with low compliance should be used and staff be alerted when using low flow rates with highly concentrated potent drugs.
-
The ProSeal (PLMA) is a new laryngeal mask device with a modified cuff to improve the seal and a drain tube to provide access to the gastrointestinal tract. We assessed the performance of the size 2 (which has no dorsal cuff) and size 3 (which has a dorsal cuff) in terms of insertion success, efficacy of seal, tidal volume, gas exchange, fiberoptic position, gastric tube placement and frequency of problems. ⋯ The PLMA is an effective airway device in children and isolates the glottis from the esophagus when correctly positioned. Despite the lack of a dorsal cuff, the performance of the size 2 was similar to the size 3 PLMA in the age groups tested.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialSafe and effective sedation and analgesia for bone marrow aspiration procedures in children with alfentanil, remifentanil and combinations with midazolam.
Invasive procedures such as bone marrow aspiration in children may be painful and cause anxiety. We investigated the efficacy and safety of remifentanil (R) alfentanil (A), remifentanil-midazolam (RM), and alfentanil-midazolam (AM) combinations in providing analgesia and sedation for bone marrow aspiration. ⋯ Remifentanil, alfentanil, remifentanil-midazolam, and alfentanil-midazolam combinations are effective in children and can be used safely in bone marrow aspiration which is a brief but painful procedure performed in the pediatric patient group.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2005
Clinical TrialOne lung ventilation in infants and children: experience with Marraro double lumen tube.
Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of selective bronchial intubation and independent lung ventilation during thoracic surgery in children up to 3 years, using a double lumen tube. ⋯ The double lumen tube appears to be very effective in allowing one lung ventilation in this age group during thoracic surgery.