Paediatric anaesthesia
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2005
Clinical TrialOne lung ventilation in infants and children: experience with Marraro double lumen tube.
Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of selective bronchial intubation and independent lung ventilation during thoracic surgery in children up to 3 years, using a double lumen tube. ⋯ The double lumen tube appears to be very effective in allowing one lung ventilation in this age group during thoracic surgery.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2005
Anesthesia for pediatric renal transplantation with and without epidural analgesia--a review of 7 years experience.
Few objective data exist describing current anesthesia practice for pediatric renal transplantation. We describe here, the experience from an Australian tertiary pediatric center that has continued an active pediatric renal transplantation program after relocation in 1995. Areas of interest include preoperative status, fluid management, hemodynamic stability, perioperative complications, and the use of epidural analgesia. In particular, the influence of perioperative epidural analgesia on hemodynamic stability is addressed. ⋯ Anesthesia for renal transplantation in pediatric patients at CHW is safe and effective using a selected range of drugs and techniques. Pretransplant medical optimization, careful preoperative assessment, adequate monitoring and precise fluid management together with appropriate postoperative analgesia typify the perioperative care of CHW renal transplant recipients.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2005
Rescue sedation with dexmedetomidine for diagnostic imaging: a preliminary report.
Sedation is frequently required during noninvasive radiological imaging in children. Although commonly used agents such as chloral hydrate and midazolam are generally effective, failures may occur. The authors report their experience with dexmedetomidine for rescue sedation during magnetic resonance imaging. ⋯ Our preliminary experience suggests that dexmedetomidine may be an effective agent for procedural sedation during radiological imaging. Its potential application in this setting is discussed and other reports regarding its use in pediatric patients are reviewed.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2005
Recombinant factor VIIa (NovoSeven) as a hemostatic agent after surgery for congenital heart disease.
Postoperative bleeding and blood product requirements can be substantial in children undergoing open-heart surgery, and reexploration is required in 1% of cases. Recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa, NovoSeven, NovoNordisk, Denmark) is a hemostatic agent approved for the treatment of hemophilic patients with inhibitors to factor VIII or factor IX. It has also been used with success in other conditions. We present our experience with rFVIIa treatment for uncontrolled bleeding after open-heart surgery in five pediatric patients. ⋯ These cases support the impression that RFVIIa is efficient and safe in correcting hemostasis in children after cardiopulmonary bypass when other means fail. However, the data are still limited, and more extensive research is needed.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2005
Case ReportsDexmedetomidine as the primary sedative agent for brain radiation therapy in a 21-month old child.
Dexmedetomidine (Precedex is an alpha2 adrenoceptor agonist which is gaining popularity as a sedative and anesthetic adjuvant. In this case report, dexmedetomidine was used safely and easily to provide sedation for 12 radiation-therapy sessions in a pediatric patient. It provided smooth induction and fast recovery with minimal respiratory depression.