Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparison of ropivacaine with bupivacaine and lidocaine for ilioinguinal block after ambulatory inguinal hernia repair in children.
We have compared ropivacaine with bupivacaine and lidocaine for ilioinguinal block in thirty children undergoing ambulatory inguinal hernia repair. ⋯ We have confirmed that bupivacaine and ropivacaine are more effective than lidocaine in the prevention of postoperative pain after children's inguinal hernia repair. We suggest that ropivacaine 0.2% is an alternative to bupivacaine 0.25% for ilioinguinal block in ambulatory paediatric surgery.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialA comparison between single- and double-breath vital capacity inhalation induction with 8% sevoflurane in children.
This study was conducted to determine if a double-breath (DB) vital capacity (VC) rapid inhalation induction using immediate high-inspired concentration of sevoflurane is as well tolerated as a single-breath (SB) technique and if it results in a shorter induction time. ⋯ Double-breath VC inhalation induction with 8% sevoflurane is as well tolerated as a SB technique and results in a faster onset of anaesthesia.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialAssessment of tracheal intubating conditions in children using remifentanil and propofol without muscle relaxant.
Tracheal intubation in children can be achieved by deep inhalational anaesthesia or an intravenous anaesthetic and a muscle relaxant, suxamethonium being widely used despite several side-effects. Studies have shown that oral intubation can be facilitated safely and effectively in children after induction of anaesthesia with propofol and alfentanil without a muscle relaxant. Remifentanil is a new, ultra-short acting, selective mu-receptor agonist that is 20-30 times more potent than alfentanil. This clinical study was designed to assess whether combination of propofol and remifentanil could be used without a muscle relaxant to facilitate tracheal intubation in children. ⋯ We conclude that remifentanil (3 microg.kg(-1)), administered before propofol (3 mg.kg(-1)) provides acceptable tracheal intubating conditions in children, and completely inhibited the increase in HR and MAP associated with intubation.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialAnalgesic effect of clonidine added to bupivacaine 0.125% in paediatric caudal blockade.
Caudals are a common method of providing pain relief in children undergoing surgery. Clonidine, an alpha(2) agonist, exhibits significant analgesic properties. The current investigation sought to determine whether caudal clonidine added to caudal bupivacaine would decrease pain in paediatric patients undergoing surgery. ⋯ We do not recommend adding clonidine (2 microg.kg(-1)) to a bupivacaine (0.125%) caudal block in children undergoing surgery.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2004
Comparative StudyCurrent patterns of propofol use in PICU in the United Kingdom and North America.
Our aim was to investigate the current patterns of propofol use in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) in the UK and North America. ⋯ Despite clear guidance from the UK Committee on Safety of Medicines, propofol was still used for ongoing sedation in 47% of UK PICUs responding to our questionnaire. Reasons for this include the utility of the agent and its licensing for use in maintaining anesthesia in children over 3 years, but not for sedation in PICU in similar doses, for similar periods, in the same group of children.