Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2003
ReviewConsiderations for anaesthesia in children with haematological malignancy undergoing short procedures.
As a result of increased use of risk-directed treatment regimes, there is a regular requirement for short-lasting but painful procedures to be performed on children to aid in diagnosis or treatment. The aim of any anaesthetic technique is to provide analgesia and amnesia with minimal side-effects and early return to former activity levels. We review the implications of haematological malignancy in children with regard to anaesthesia and the consequences arising from both the disease and ensuing treatment. We outline some of the current anaesthetic techniques in use and review the advantages and disadvantages of each.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2003
Erythropoietin therapy and acute preoperative normovolaemic haemodilution in infants undergoing craniosynostosis surgery.
A retrospective study was performed to evaluate whether pretreatment with erythropoietin and iron combined with acute preoperative normovolaemic haemodilution (APNH) could decrease homologous blood transfusion in craniosynostosis (CS) surgery. A treated group was compared with a historical group of infants who underwent surgery with no pretreatment. ⋯ APNH combined with erythropoietin was effective in reducing homologous blood requirements during CS surgery. Further studies are necessary on a larger scale to assess the role of this technique in avoiding homologous blood transfusion and to evaluate how infants can benefit from this combined approach.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2003
Case ReportsPostobstructive pulmonary oedema during anaesthesia in children with mucopolysaccharidoses.
We present case reports of five patients with severe forms of mucopolysaccharidoses who developed postobstructive pulmonary oedema during anaesthesia. The difficulties of anaesthesia in these patients and the particular predisposition that these patients exhibit for the development of postobstructive pulmonary oedema is discussed.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialThe dose of caudal epidural analgesia and duration of postoperative analgesia.
Single dose caudal epidural is commonly utilized for postoperative analgesia in children. Previous studies have determined the optimal concentration of local anaesthetic, and the minimal volume to produce a desired dermatomal distribution. However, none has sought the optimal volume to administer. The specific aim of this study was to determine whether the volume of caudal epidural local anaesthetic influenced the duration of postoperative analgesia. ⋯ Increasing local anaesthetic dose and volume do not increase the duration of postoperative analgesia of caudal epidural in children undergoing inguinal herniorraphy.