Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialA paediatric trial comparing midazolam/Syrpalta mixture with premixed midazolam syrup (Roche).
The bitter taste of midazolam is more acceptable to children when the drug is mixed with fruit juice or syrup. We use a thick grape syrup (Syrpalta), and children are sedated in 10-15 min. A premixed cherry-flavoured midazolam solution (Roche), 2 mg.ml (-1), is currently available. It has been our impression that the premixed midazolam has a slower onset of action. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of the midazolam mixtures (midazolam 0.5 mg.kg (-1), 2 mg.ml (-1)) on children's anxiety, sedation, separation anxiety, mask acceptance, and recovery time. ⋯ We concluded that the midazolam/Syrpalta mixture has a faster onset of action than the premixed midazolam solution.
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This prospective study aimed to assess the extent of spread of dye in the epidural space and whether it would vary in direct proportion to the volume when injecting two volumes of dye. ⋯ There is a difference in quantitative as well as qualitative spread in different patients and in the same patient with different volumes. There were statistically significant increases in the number of segments, circumferential, anterior and posterior locations in the 1.0 ml group. Both extent and density of spread improve with the higher volume but not in direct proportion to volume. 1 ml.kg(-1) has a better quantitative as well as qualitative spread than 0.5 ml and has a better chance of producing adequate anaesthesia.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialTramadol for pain relief in children undergoing tonsillectomy: a comparison with morphine.
Pain control for paediatric patients undergoing tonsillectomy remains problematic. Tramadol is reported to be an effective analgesic and to have a side-effect profile similar to morphine, but is currently not licensed for paediatric use in the UK. ⋯ Tramadol has similar analgesic properties, when compared with morphine. The various pharmaceutical presentations and the availability as a noncontrolled substance may make it a useful addition to paediatric anaesthesia if it becomes licensed for paediatric anaesthesia in the UK.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialEffective reduction of anxiety and pain during venous cannulation in children: a comparison of analgesic efficacy conferred by nitrous oxide, EMLA and combination.
EMLA cream is the current technique of choice to reduce pain during venous cannulation in most paediatric practice. Its use is limited by logistic arrangements and failure to improve cooperation and allay anxiety. Nitrous oxide (N2O) would appear to be an effective alternative. A combination technique may be useful in selected patients. ⋯ EMLA and 50% N2O are equally effective for pain reduction while a combination technique provides superior analgesia and satisfaction. N2O has an advantage over EMLA in reduction of pain related behaviour in older children.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2003
Target concentration of propofol required to insert the laryngeal mask airway in children.
The aim of this prospective study was to determine the target concentration (CPRED) curves for laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion in children. ⋯ The target-controlled infusion technique for anaesthesia induction and insertion of the LMA was a safe and effective technique in our study.