Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialA randomized controlled trial of the antiemetic effect of three doses of ondansetron after strabismus surgery in children.
One hundred and thirty-one healthy children, aged 31-152 months, undergoing strabismus surgery under general anaesthesia, were randomly allocated to one of four groups: group A received 0.04 mg.kg-1 ( identical with 1 mg.m-2) of ondansetron, group B 0.1 mg.kg-1 ( identical with 2.5 mg.m-2), group C 0.2 mg.kg-1 ( identical with 5 mg.m-2) and group D placebo, given intravenously following induction of anaesthesia. Morphine 0.15 mg.kg-1 was given intravenously, intraoperatively, to provide postoperative analgesia. Hourly records of emetic episodes were made for 24 h. ⋯ Overall, children given ondansetron had less than one-half the risk of vomiting compared to those given placebo (hazard ratio 0.46, 95% confidence interval 0.29-0.74). The mean number of emetic episodes declined from 2.73 in the placebo group to 1.92 in treatment group C. There was no difference in the incidence of side-effects between groups.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialA comparison of the respiratory effects of high concentrations of halothane and sevoflurane.
We studied the respiratory effects of the administration of either 5% halothane or 8% sevoflurane in 70% nitrous oxide (N2O) for 5 min in 21 boys aged 1-5 years. A similar degree of ventilatory depression was noted with both agents. Minute volume fell by approximately 50% as a result of a reduction in tidal volume despite an increase in respiratory rate.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 2001
Case ReportsCombination propofol-ketamine anaesthesia in sick neonates.
Two critically ill, opioid-tolerant neonates were anaesthetized using pancuronium and a mixture of propofol (PROP) and ketamine (KET). Three mg of KET were added per ml (10 mg) of PROP in a single syringe and infused at a rate of 100-150 microg x kg(-1) x min(-1) of the PROP component (30-45 microg x kg(-1) x min(-1) KET). ⋯ Both patients remained haemodynamically stable throughout their surgical procedures. PROP-KET is a rational and effective combination for intravenous anaesthesia in critically ill neonates who are likely to be opioid-tolerant when an anaesthesia vaporizer is not readily available.