Disability and rehabilitation
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
A comparative study of organized class-based exercise programs versus individual home-based exercise programs for elderly patients following hip surgery.
To evaluate and compare the effectiveness of supervised and non-supervised exercise programs for improving health and rehabilitation outcomes for elderly persons following hip surgery. ⋯ Both groups demonstrated improvement in a number of issues. However, there appears to be more positive health outcomes presented by the participants in the supervised/class-based group when compared to the non-supervised/home-based group. And therefore, patients may select to participate to either a home-based or class-based regime. The clinical relevance is the significant of the necessity for close supervision by a professional therapist. In addition, the results could have some political and economical implications on the healthcare system.
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Few functional outcomes scales have used Item Response Theory (IRT) for validation. IRT allows individual line item validations and offers substantial advantages over classic methods of scale validation or the simplest from of IRT known as Rasch. Rasch analysis reduces data to dichotomous variables thus decreasing the sensitivity of Likert-type data responses. ⋯ The newly created NHANES ADL scale demonstrates internal consistency, unidimensionality, and line item validity. The NHANES ADL scale appears to be a useful instrument in measurement of functioning and disability in patients with report of cervical pain.
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To benchmark the psychological state and physical rehabilitation of patients who have sustained limb loss as a result of terrorist activity in Northern Ireland and to determine their satisfaction with the period of primary prosthetic rehabilitation and the artificial limb. ⋯ Most patients felt that the period of physical rehabilitation had been adequate; those who did not were more likely to be having ongoing psychological problems. A high percentage of patients continue to have psychological problems and stump pain.
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To examine the effect of intramuscular injection of botulinum toxin type A [Dysport] to reduce relative overactivity of the vastus lateralis [VL] muscle, in conjunction with re-training of vastus medialis [VM] muscle as an adjunct to rehabilitation for chronic anterior knee pain. ⋯ These pilot data provide preliminary support for the role of Dysport as an adjunct to non-surgical management of individuals with chronic anterior knee pain. Larger double blind, randomized, placebo-injection controlled studies of this novel approach to improving patellofemoral mechanics are needed to establish the efficacy of this intervention.
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To estimate associations between possible predictors of functional disability outcome at 5 years in a working adult population cohort of survivors of major traumatic injury and to develop a prognostic model of outcome. ⋯ As well as level of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and total inpatient stay, Pre-injury educational attainment and employment, civil status, immediate care in a hospital with a neurosurgical facility and stay in an Intensive Care Unit determined 5-year outcome. It is possible to efficiently predict outcome at an early stage. Previous work on predictors of disablement have suffered from large selection and attrition biases.