Disability and rehabilitation
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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children and adolescents. This study examines the early cognitive-linguistic recovery of pediatric patients who sustained TBI and required inpatient rehabilitation and investigates the contribution of various demographic, clinical, and preinjury factors to recovery. ⋯ Results suggest that significant functional improvements can be expected for pediatric patients with TBI during inpatient rehabilitation. Consistent with previous literature, injury severity was significantly related to acute outcomes. In conjunction with the WeeFIM, the CALS appears to be a meaningful complement for assessing and monitoring cognitive-linguistic skills during inpatient rehabilitation.Implications for RehabiliationOur study provides support for the utility of the CALS to assess cognitive recovery during inpatient rehabilitation following moderate to severe TBI.Injury severity and not pre-injury functioning or demographic variables was related to worse scores on the CALS at discharge.Using a measure sensitive to change over admission, such as the CALS, can inform treatment planning.
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Purpose: To explore the understanding of physical activity and sedentary behaviour, including barriers and health influences in people with osteoarthritis and knee arthroplasty. Methods: Eight participants with knee osteoarthritis and 14 participants with total knee arthroplasty were recruited to five focus groups. Interpretive description was used with thematic analysis of data. ⋯ Social and environmental factors strongly influence sedentary behaviour. Clinicians need to be aware of the pervasive nature of sedentary behaviour and provide knowledge and strategies to change peoples' sitting habits. Addressing intrinsic factors (e.g., related to comorbidities, ageing, and personal preferences) with education and the use of existing behaviour change techniques may enable increased physical activity levels.
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Study design: This consisted of a translation and validation study. Background: Acute hamstring injury is a frequent muscle strain in sports that require high explosive strength, impulsion or running phases. Therefore, the Functional Assessment Scale for Hamstring Injury questionnaire was developed to assess pain, physical activity level and ability to perform various exercises in patients with hamstring injuries. ⋯ Implications for rehabilitationThe FASH-F can be considered to be discriminant, reliable and valid for the evaluation of the severity of symptoms and sports ability in individuals with hamstring injuries. FASH-F is now a reliable and valid tool for French-speaking patients suffering from acute hamstring injury, and its application in clinical practice is particularly relevant. A limitation of our study could be that the distribution between the different study groups was not homogeneous implying that our findings may not be fully representative of the general population.
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Purpose: The aim of this study is to systematically review and critically assess the methodological quality of literature regarding prevalence, characteristics and factors influencing pain, other than phantom limb pain (PLP) in persons with lower limb amputation (LLA). Materials and methods: A systematic review was performed (PROSPERO CRD42019138018). Literature was searched using PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and PEDro. ⋯ Implications for RehabilitationBoth back pain and residual limb pain occur in more than 50% of persons with lower limb amputation (LLA), and both pain types are positively associated. Clinicians should be aware that chronic pain is common after LLA and can have a significant impact on the functioning of persons with LLA. Future research on this topic should give more attention to other chronic pain types, to persons with a diabetic or vascular cause of amputation, and to pain-related interference.
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Purpose: To cross-cultural translate the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT) to Taiwan-Chinese version (CAIT-TW), and to evaluate the validity, reliability and cutoff score of CAIT-TW for Taiwan-Chinese athletic population. Materials and methods: The English version of CAIT was translated to CAIT-TW based on a guideline of cross-cultural adaptation. 77 and 58 Taiwanese collegial athletes with and without chronic ankle instability filled out CAIT-TW, Taiwan-Chinese version of Lower Extremity Functional Score (LEFS-TW) and Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). The construct validity, test-retest reliability, internal consistency and cutoff score of CAIT-TW were evaluated. ⋯ Implications for rehabilitationFor athletes, chronic ankle instability is prevalent and causes negative sequela, such as lowered quality of daily life, affected functional performance, and may cause post traumatic osteoarthritis. The psychometric properties of the Taiwan-Chinese version of the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool showed moderate to strong construct validity, excellent test retest reliability, a good internal consistency and a cutoff score of 21.5. The validity and reliability of the Taiwan-Chinese version of the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool are to enable clinicians to evaluate and manage ankle instability in Taiwanese who speaks Mandarin Chinese.