Medicina intensiva
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There is little information about patients with severe aortic stenosis (SAS) who require admission to acute care units. We studied 27 patients with SAS admitted in a tertiary hospital coronary care unit. The most frequent reasons for admission were severe heart failure (42%), acute coronary syndrome (39%) and cardiac arrest (8%). ⋯ Cumulative survival was 74±8%, 70±9%, and 62±10% at 7, 30 and 60 days, respectively. Out of the 27 patients, 13 (48%) underwent surgical intervention, these patients having lower Euroscore (13±11 vs. 34±18%, p=0.002) and higher survival (92±7% at 7, 30 and 60 days vs. 50±13%, 40±14% and 30±14%; p=0.002). Thus, patients with SAS who require hospitalization in the intensive care units constitute a very high risk population, with very high mortality, especially during the first week after admission and in patients who have not undergone surgery.
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Massive hemorrhage is the main cause of mortality and morbidity in trauma patients, and is one of the most important causes in any patient following major surgery. Conventional treatment consists of volume replacement, including the transfusion of blood products, so that tissue perfusion and oxygenation may be maintained. Associated hypothermia, acidosis and coagulopathy is a lethal triad. ⋯ Where possible, this in turn should be guided by thromboelastography performed at point of care near the patient. Coagulopathy can occur early and late. With the exception of tranexamic acid, the cost-benefit relationships of the hemostatic agents, such as fibrinogen, prothrombin complex, and recombinant F VII, are subject to discussion.
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To evaluate procalcitonin clearance as a prognostic biomarker in septic shock. ⋯ ICU mortality was associated to sustained high procalcitonin levels, suggesting that procalcitonin clearance at 48h may be a valuable prognostic biomarker.
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To validate a safety tool used in high-risk sectors (safety briefing) in intensive care medicine. ⋯ Safety briefing is a tool for the documentation of incidents that is simple and easy to use, and is useful for implementing improvements and in influencing safety culture.