The American journal on addictions
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A preliminary trial: double-blind comparison of nefazodone, bupropion-SR, and placebo in the treatment of cannabis dependence.
The present study investigated the efficacy of nefazodone and bupropion-sustained release for treating cannabis dependence. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, piggy back design was employed to assess if nefazodone and bupropion-sustained release increased the probability of abstinence from cannabis and reduced the severity of cannabis dependence and cannabis withdrawal symptoms during a 13-week outpatient treatment program. ⋯ There were no significant effects demonstrated for nefazodone and bupropion-sustained release on cannabis use or cannabis withdrawal symptoms. The results indicate nefazodone and bupropion-sustained release may have limited efficacy in treating cannabis dependence.
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Comparative Study
Presence and persistence of psychotic symptoms in cocaine- versus methamphetamine-dependent participants.
The primary objective of this study was to compare and contrast psychotic symptoms reported by cocaine- and methamphetamine-dependent individuals. Participants included 27 cocaine-dependent and 25 methamphetamine-dependent males, as well as 15 cocaine-dependent and 18 methamphetamine-dependent females. After screening, participants were excluded if they met criteria for any Axis I diagnosis other than nicotine dependence, or methamphetamine or cocaine dependence (ie, participants had to use either methamphetamine or cocaine but were excluded if they met dependence criteria for both). ⋯ A high proportion of both cocaine- and methamphetamine-dependent men and women reported delusions of paranoia and auditory hallucinations. However, during the abstinent and intoxicated conditions, methamphetamine-dependent men and women were more likely than cocaine-dependent men and women to report psychotic symptoms. Future studies will compare psychotic symptoms reported by non-dependent recreational stimulant users to stimulant-dependent individuals.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Withdrawal symptoms do not predict relapse among subjects treated for cannabis dependence.
This is the first follow-up study on the association between cannabis withdrawal symptoms and risk of relapse to cannabis use. Withdrawal symptoms were assessed in 36 subjects seeking treatment for cannabis dependence. All were free of other substance use or alcohol abuse in the month before abstinence from cannabis. ⋯ This offers further validation of a cannabis withdrawal syndrome. Average withdrawal scores at baseline did not differ with gender, age, treatment type, extent of cannabis use, or a lifetime history of anxiety or affective disorders. Withdrawal scores at baseline did not predict relapse during follow-up.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Aftercare for adolescent alcohol use disorder: feasibility and acceptability of a phone intervention.
A lack of continuity of care for adolescents with alcohol and other substance use disorders (AOSUD) is common. The objectives of this brief report are to present the rationale for the use of manualized, individual brief therapeutic phone contacts (IBTPC) integrating motivational interviewing and cognitive behavioral therapies for aftercare in youth with AOSUD; and report the results and discuss the implications of a study on the feasibility and acceptability of IBTPC in youths with AOSUD. ⋯ In general, both subjects and therapists were positively consistent in their endorsement of the common items. In conclusion, aftercare for adolescents with AOSUD utilizing a brief phone intervention is perceived as feasible and acceptable.