American journal of ophthalmology
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
A controlled trial of povidone-iodine to treat infectious conjunctivitis in children.
To report the efficacy of povidone-iodine as a treatment for conjunctivitis in pediatric patients. ⋯ Povidone-iodine 1.25% ophthalmic solution was as effective as neomycin-polymyxin B-gramicidin for treating bacterial conjunctivitis, somewhat more effective against chlamydia, and as ineffective against viral conjunctivitis. Povidone-iodine ophthalmic solution should be strongly considered as treatment for bacterial and chlamydial conjunctivitis, especially in developing countries where topical antibiotics are often unavailable or costly.
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To present an evidence-based review of the systemic adverse effects of beta-adrenergic blockers and recommend safety guidelines for use of ophthalmic beta-adrenergic blockers. ⋯ Many commonly presumed adverse beta-adrenergic blocker effects observed via systemic or ocular administration are not supported by published randomized clinical trials. Wide acceptance of such traditionally purported side effects has been largely due to propagation of isolated case reports and short series as well as personal communication felt to reflect expert opinion. Many more patients may be eligible to use these drugs. Obtaining a careful medical history and checking pulse rate and rhythm in the office should identify the vast majority of patients with potential cardiopulmonary contraindications.
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Case Reports
Loss of vision caused by expansion of intraocular perfluoropropane (C(3)F(8)) gas during nitrous oxide anesthesia.
To report visual loss associated with nitrous oxide anesthesia in patients with intraocular perfluoropropane (C(3)F(8)) gas. ⋯ Identification of patients with intraocular gas is critical when planning nitrous oxide anesthesia. This may be achieved by the use of a simple intraocular gas identification bracelet issued to patients at the time of their vitreoretinal procedure.
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To report 11 cases of adverse systemic reactions to topical ocular application of phenylephrine 10% in pledget form and to discourage this method of treatment for hemostasis in laser assisted in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK) surgery and other ophthalmic uses. ⋯ We recommend ophthalmologists not use this method of phenylephrine application and believe it is contraindicated in ophthalmic surgery, especially when other medications may be used.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparative effects of latanoprost (Xalatan) and unoprostone (Rescula) in patients with open-angle glaucoma and suspected glaucoma.
To compare, in paired eyes of open-angle glaucoma patients and glaucoma suspects, hydrodynamic and visual changes after 1 month of topical latanoprost in one eye and unoprostone in the other. ⋯ Both latanoprost and unoprostone produced significant reductions in IOP and increases in POBF, with stable central and perimacular visual function. Latanoprost once daily produced IOP reduction and POBF increases nearly twofold greater than those obtained with unoprostone twice daily. These differences in IOP and POBF change between unoprostone and latanoprost were statistically significant.