American journal of ophthalmology
-
Seven patients had bilateral intraocular lens implantation performed with a short interval between procedures, using intraocular lenses of unproven design or deficient quality control All seven patients suffered severe visual impairment, some to the level of legal blindness in both eyes. Lenses with unproven design characteristics should never be implanted in both eyes of a patients. The interval between the first and second procedure, even when using lenses of proven design and quality, should be long enough to insure the long-term successful outcome of the first procedure.
-
Four patients with herpes zoster ophthalmicus developed peripheral corneal ulcers with steep central edges. An anterior uveitis was associated with all cases. One patient developed bilateral corneal ulcers that were typical of Mooren's ulcer and eventually destroyed both corneas. The other three cases were unilateral and were not relentlessly progressive.
-
We studied the effects of topical phenylephrine eyedrops on systemic blood pressure in 298 patients about to undergo ocular surgical procedures by comparing their blood pressure on admission to the hospital with that measured immediately before surgery. The patients were divided into three groups. Group 1 consisted of 230 patients who had neither history of insulin-dependent diabetes nor prior teatment with reserpine or guanethidine. ⋯ All three B subgroups and Group 1A (176 patients) did not show significant increases in blood pressure. There was a statistically significant increase in both systolic and diastolic pressures in Group 2A (14 patients) and in Group 3A (12 patients). From this study, we concluded that administration of preoperative phenylephrine eyedrops can be hazardous in patients with long-standing insulin-dependent diabetes or in hypertensive patients receiving reserpine or guanethidine.
-
Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
Value of hyaluronidase in ocular surgical akinesia.
In a study of 27 cases of surgery for cataract extraction, mepivacaine 2% with hyaluronidase was found to shorten the induction times of facial nerve and retrobulbar blocks when compared to injections of mepivacaine 2% alone. The mean induction time of facial nerve blocks with hyaluronidase was 1.3 +/- 0.4 minutes. ⋯ The median induction time with hyaluronidase was three minutes, whereas that without hyaluronidase was ten minutes. However, the use of hyaluronidase did not significantly (.25 less than P less than .50) alter the success rate of retrobulbar blocks.
-
A thin slit-lamp beam illuminating the pupil margin produced clearly visible pupil oscillations. These oscillations were timed with a stopwatch, thus producing a measurement of the "pupil cycle time". The pupil cycle time was remarkably stable in various testing situations and repeatable within +/- 3% over extended periods of time. ⋯ The pupil cycle time is similar to visual evoked response latency time in that it can detect and quantitate subclinical defects in optic nerve conduction time. Pupil cycle time is objective and quantitative for each eye individually. It is a fast, simple, and reliable clinic test of optic nerve function.