Neuroimaging clinics of North America
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Nov 2014
ReviewPreoperative diffusion tensor imaging: improving neurosurgical outcomes in brain tumor patients.
Preoperative mapping has revolutionized neurosurgical care for brain tumor patients. Maximizing resections has improved diagnosis, optimized treatment algorithms, and decreased potentially devastating postoperative deficits. ⋯ A thorough understanding of DTI, data visualization methods, and limitations with mastery of functional and dysfunctional white matter anatomy is necessary to realize the potential of DTI. By establishing spatial relationships between lesion borders and functional networks preoperatively and intraoperatively, DTI is central to high-risk neurosurgical resections and becoming the standard of care.
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Nov 2014
ReviewSpecial considerations/technical limitations of blood-oxygen-level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging.
In this review, limitations affecting the results of presurgical mapping with blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) are discussed. There is a great need to standardize fMRI acquisition and analysis methods and establish guidelines to address quality control issues. Several national and international organizations are formulating guidelines and standards for both clinical and research applications of BOLD fMRI. Consensus regarding management of these issues will likely both improve the clinical standard of care and enhance future research applications of fMRI.
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Nov 2014
ReviewPretherapeutic functional magnetic resonance imaging in children.
In this article, some specificities of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in children (eg, blood-oxygen-level-dependent response and brain maturation, paradigm design, technical issues, feasibility, data analysis) are reviewed, the main knowledge on presurgical cortical mapping in children (motor, language, reading, memory) is summarized, and the emergence of resting state fMRI in presurgical cortical mapping is discussed.
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Nov 2014
ReviewTechnical considerations for functional magnetic resonance imaging analysis.
Clinical application of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) based on blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) effect has increased over the past decade because of its ability to map regional blood flow in response to brain stimulation. This mapping is primarily achieved by exploiting the BOLD effect precipitated by changes in the magnetic properties of hemoglobin. ⋯ Conventional echo planar imaging techniques are used to acquire stimulus-driven fMR imaging BOLD data. This article highlights technical aspects of fMRI data analysis to make it more accessible in clinical settings.
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Nov 2014
ReviewVisual mapping using blood oxygen level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is used clinically to map the visual cortex before brain surgery or other invasive treatments to achieve an optimal balance between therapeutic effect and the avoidance of postoperative vision deficits. Clinically optimized stimuli, behavioral task, analysis, and displays permit identification of cortical subregions supporting high-acuity central vision that is critical for reading and other essential visual functions. Emerging techniques such as resting-state fMRI may facilitate the use of fMRI-based vision mapping in a broader range of patients.