Neuroimaging clinics of North America
-
Schizophrenia (Sz) is a chronic mental disorder characterized by disturbances in thought (such as delusions and confused thinking), perception (hearing voices), and behavior (lack of motivation). The lifetime prevalence of Sz is between 0.3% and 0.7%, with late adolescence and early adulthood, the peak period for the onset of psychotic symptoms. Causal factors in Sz include environmental and genetic factors and especially their interaction. About 50% of individuals with a diagnosis of Sz have lifelong impairment.
-
Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · May 2020
ReviewRole of Magnetoencephalography in the Early Stages of Alzheimer Disease.
As synaptic dysfunction is an early manifestation of Alzheimer disease (AD) pathology, magnetoencephalography (MEG) is capable of detecting disruptions by assessing the synchronized oscillatory activity of thousands of neurons that rely on the integrity of neural connections. MEG findings include slowness of the oscillatory activity, accompanied by a reduction of the alpha band power, and dysfunction of the functional networks. ⋯ These neurophysiological biomarkers predict which patients with mild cognitive impairment will develop dementia. MEG has demonstrated its utility as a noninvasive biomarker for early detection of AD.
-
Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · May 2020
ReviewMerging Magnetoencephalography into Epilepsy Presurgical Work-up Under the Framework of Multimodal Integration.
Multimodal image integration is the procedure that puts together imaging data from multiple sources into the same space by a computerized registration process. This procedure is relevant to patients with difficult-to-localize epilepsy undergoing presurgical evaluation, who typically have many tests performed, including MR imaging, PET, ictal single-photon emission computed tomography, magnetoencephalography (MEG), and intracranial electroencephalogram (EEG). This article describes the methodology of such integration, focusing on integration of MEG. Also discussed is the clinical value of integration of MEG, in terms of planning of intracranial EEG implantation, interpretation of intracranial EEG data, planning of final resection, and addressing surgical failures.
-
Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · May 2020
ReviewPediatric Magnetoencephalography in Clinical Practice and Research.
Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a noninvasive neuroimaging technique that measures the electromagnetic fields generated by the human brain. This article highlights the benefits that pediatric MEG has to offer to clinical practice and pediatric research, particularly for infants and young children; reviews the existing literature on adult MEG systems for pediatric use; briefly describes the few pediatric MEG systems currently extant; and draws attention to future directions of research, with focus on the clinical use of MEG for patients with drug-resistant epilepsy.