Neuroimaging clinics of North America
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Feb 2017
ReviewNeuroimaging of Peptide-based Vaccine Therapy in Pediatric Brain Tumors: Initial Experience.
The potential benefits of peptide-based immunotherapy for pediatric brain tumors are under investigation. Treatment-related heterogeneity has resulted in radiographic challenges, including pseudoprogression. ⋯ Advanced neuroimaging techniques, including diffusion magnetic resonance (MR), perfusion MR, and MR spectroscopy, may add value in the assessment of treatment-related heterogeneity. Observations suggest that recent delineation of specific response criteria for immunotherapy of adult brain tumors is likely relevant to the pediatric population and further validation in multicenter pediatric brain tumor peptide-based vaccine studies is warranted.
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Feb 2017
ReviewImaging of the Sella and Parasellar Region in the Pediatric Population.
Masses in the sella and parasellar region comprise about 10% of all pediatric brain tumors but type and frequency differs from those in adults. Imaging is critical for diagnosis and characterization of these lesions. ⋯ The clinical presentation is often characteristic for lesion type and should be considered. This article summarizes the characteristic imaging features of the most frequent pediatric tumors and tumor-mimicking lesions in children in this region.
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Extraparenchymal lesions of childhood include neoplastic and nonneoplastic entities. Lesions affecting children are different from the most common entities affecting adults. ⋯ MR imaging is the examination of choice for the evaluation of extraparenchymal lesions given greater sensitivity and anatomic detail. Syndromic associations should be considered, especially for unusual lesions in the pediatric age group such as meningioma and schwannoma.
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Feb 2017
ReviewTumor and Tumorlike Masses in Pediatric Patients that Involve Multiple Spaces.
There are several tumors and tumorlike masses involving multiple spaces in the pediatric brain. Accurate diagnosis of tumors and distinguishing them from tumorlike masses is an important aspect in the diagnostic workup and plays a key role for management and prognosis. Neuroimaging plays an important role in (1) identification of a brain mass, (2) determining its location, (3) demonstrating involvement of a single space versus multiple spaces, and (4) distinguishing a tumor from tumorlike masses.
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Brain tumors can develop in the prenatal and neonatal time periods. Neuroimaging studies are crucial for the early detection of prenatal and neonatal brain tumors. Imaging allows for characterization of morphology, as well as the detection of hydrocephalus, local invasion, and distant spread. The imaging features of the more common neonatal brain tumors, including teratomas, choroid plexus tumors, ATRTs, and neoplasm mimics are described.