Neuroimaging clinics of North America
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Nov 2014
ReviewResting-state blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging for presurgical planning.
Resting-state functional MR imaging (rsfMR imaging) measures spontaneous fluctuations in the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal and can be used to elucidate the brain's functional organization. It is used to simultaneously assess multiple distributed resting-state networks. ⋯ This article presents a brief introduction of rsfMR imaging processing methods followed by a detailed discussion on the use of rsfMR imaging in presurgical planning. Example cases are provided to highlight the strengths and limitations of the technique.
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Nov 2014
ReviewPreoperative diffusion tensor imaging: improving neurosurgical outcomes in brain tumor patients.
Preoperative mapping has revolutionized neurosurgical care for brain tumor patients. Maximizing resections has improved diagnosis, optimized treatment algorithms, and decreased potentially devastating postoperative deficits. ⋯ A thorough understanding of DTI, data visualization methods, and limitations with mastery of functional and dysfunctional white matter anatomy is necessary to realize the potential of DTI. By establishing spatial relationships between lesion borders and functional networks preoperatively and intraoperatively, DTI is central to high-risk neurosurgical resections and becoming the standard of care.
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Nov 2014
ReviewSpecial considerations/technical limitations of blood-oxygen-level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging.
In this review, limitations affecting the results of presurgical mapping with blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) are discussed. There is a great need to standardize fMRI acquisition and analysis methods and establish guidelines to address quality control issues. Several national and international organizations are formulating guidelines and standards for both clinical and research applications of BOLD fMRI. Consensus regarding management of these issues will likely both improve the clinical standard of care and enhance future research applications of fMRI.
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Nov 2014
ReviewPretherapeutic functional magnetic resonance imaging in children.
In this article, some specificities of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in children (eg, blood-oxygen-level-dependent response and brain maturation, paradigm design, technical issues, feasibility, data analysis) are reviewed, the main knowledge on presurgical cortical mapping in children (motor, language, reading, memory) is summarized, and the emergence of resting state fMRI in presurgical cortical mapping is discussed.
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Nov 2014
ReviewDiffusion tensor imaging for brain malformations: does it help?
In this article, the basics of diffusion-weighted imaging/diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) are discussed, including a short historical perspective on the fiber dissection technique, followed by a review of selected brain malformations in which DTI and tractography have contributed to a better understanding of the malformations, and by a clinical case in which DTI showed a disorder of the internal neuroarchitecture that could not be correctly appreciated by conventional anatomic magnetic resonance imaging.