The American journal of the medical sciences
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Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome caused by a novel human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 named COVID-19 and declared as a pandemic. This paper reviews the possibility of repurposing angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) antagonists and vitamin D to treat COVID-19. ACE2 protein found on the cell membranes is the target of SARS-CoV-2 for entering into the host cells. ⋯ AT1R antagonists and vitamin D increase the expression of ACE2 independently. Besides, vitamin D suppresses the compensatory increase in renin levels following the inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system by AT1R antagonists. Therefore, a combination of AT1R antagonists and vitamin D may offer protection against COVID-19 induced lung injury.
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Multicenter Study
Sex Differences in Clinical Characteristics and 1- and 10-Year Mortality Among Patients Hospitalized With Acute Heart Failure.
The impact of sex on mortality in patients with acute heart failure (AHF) is unresolved. We aimed to investigate the impact of sex on both short- and long-term mortality outcomes after hospitalization for AHF. ⋯ There are important differences in the clinical characteristics between women and men hospitalized with AHF. There were no significant differences in both short- and long-term mortality following multivariable analysis. Although, most independent predictors of mortality were consistent among both sexes, few sex-based differences in prognostic predictors were identified.
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Letter Case Reports
Intractable Abdominal Pain With Purple Colored Urine.