The American journal of the medical sciences
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This study aimed to investigate the interactions between silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in intraplaque angiogenesis and their potential mechanisms through in vivo and in vitro studies. ⋯ The study results indicate that SIRT1 might negatively regulate atherosclerotic angiogenesis via mTORC1 and HIF-1α signaling pathway and cointervention of SIRT1 and mTOR may serve as a crucial therapeutic strategy in cardiovascular medicine.
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The review underlines that advanced heart failure (AHF) patients who experience sustained cardiac recovery in the current left ventricular assist device (LVAD) era have similar clinical characteristics to those who experienced myocardial recovery in the pre-LVAD era. They are young, do not have coronary artery disease and were treated for idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy within weeks to months of experiencing symptoms. ⋯ Mechanical circulatory support can be life saving in patients with low-cardiac output and end-organ dysfunction. However, the underlying condition and not mechanical circulatory support appears to be the primary determinant of sustained myocardial recovery.
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Clinical Trial
Association Between Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Glu504Lys Polymorphism and Alcoholic Liver Disease.
Only a subset of patients with excessive alcohol use develop alcoholic liver disease (ALD), though the exact mechanism is not completely understood. Once ingested, alcohol is metabolized by 2 key oxidative enzymes, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). There are 2 major ALDH isoforms, cytosolic and mitochondrial, encoded by the aldehyde ALDH1 and ALDH2 genes, respectively. The ALDH2 gene was hypothesized to alter genetic susceptibility to alcohol dependence and alcohol-induced liver diseases. The aim of this study is to determine the association between aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (rs671) glu504lys polymorphism and ALD. ⋯ Patients with ALDH2 504lys variant were less associated with ALD compared to those with ALDH2 504glu using both genotypic and allelic analyses.
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The majority of patients with acute stroke requiring mechanical ventilation have a poor prognosis and often present difficult decisions regarding extubation. The best criteria for planned extubation in these patients are uncertain. ⋯ The in-hospital mortality rate of patients with acute stroke who require mechanical ventilation is quite high. The success rate with planned extubation is relatively good and comparable to rates in previous studies which largely involved patients with respiratory failure. There is no single weaning parameter or Glasgow coma scale score which identifies patients with high success rates.