The American journal of the medical sciences
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Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Despite advances in its prevention and management, the prognosis of patients with lung cancer remains poor. Therefore, much attention is being given to factors that contribute to the development of this disease, the mechanisms that drive oncogenesis and tumor progression and the search for novel targets that could lead to the development of more effective treatments. ⋯ Studies involving human tissues have linked lung cancer with abnormalities in this pathway. Furthermore, studies in vitro and in vivo using animal models of lung cancer reveal that targeting this pathway might represent an effective means of treating this disease. As a result, there is significant effort invested in the development of drugs targeting mammalian target of rapamycin and related pathways in the clinical setting.
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Review
Septal Ablation for Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy: Transcoronary and Endocardial Approach.
Septal reduction therapy is the gold standard treatment method for symptomatic, hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. Although surgical myectomy is a well-established and effective technique with decades of experience in its application, use of transcoronary alcohol septal ablation has increased precipitously owing to the less-invasive nature of the procedure. Moreover, endocardial septal ablation therapy is a relatively newly defined modality, and outcomes of the procedure are not clearly elucidated yet. In this review, we aimed to present nonsurgical septal reduction approaches in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy.
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More than 600 deaths of all causes have been documented over the 40-year duration of the Bogalusa Heart Study. Of these, 97 deaths have been related to cardiovascular events, based on obituaries published in local newspapers, death certificates obtained from the State Health Department, information from the coroner and word of mouth by nursing staff from the community. ⋯ The present findings emphasize that sub-clinical cardiovascular disease begins early in life and that early prevention is vital.
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Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are some of the most commonly used medications worldwide. The availability of hundreds of products containing an NSAID, combined with a lack of recognition and understanding of NSAIDs, can increase the potential of consumers to inadvertently exceed the recommended NSAID dosage, which can cause potentially serious side effects. Physician and consumer education regarding the appropriate use of NSAIDs can help prevent NSAID misuse. Evaluations of current consumer patterns of NSAID use and perceptions about NSAIDs are necessary to develop targeted educational programs. ⋯ NSAIDs are widely used and often used in a manner that increases the risk of serious side effects. Sufficient knowledge and understanding of NSAIDs is lacking and educational interventions directed to consumers and physicians are needed.
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To explore the relationship between age, sex, the level of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection and serum pepsinogen (PG) in healthy people undergoing a medical examination. ⋯ Serum PGI and PGII levels were correlated with age, sex and the level of HP infection. Therefore, the influencing factors of age, sex and the level of HP infection should be considered when screening stomach diseases using PG.