Journal of athletic training
-
To develop and test standards and associated criteria for the selection and evaluation of a clinical education setting in athletic training. DESIGN AND SETTING: A previously validated set of 20 standards for physical therapy clinical education settings, the associated criteria, and 2 related evaluation forms were systematically judged, revised, and adapted through a survey process. SUBJECTS: Program directors, clinical instructors, and students involved with athletic training clinical education from 28 athletic training education programs approved by the National Athletic Trainers' Association or accredited by the Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Programs. MEASUREMENTS: We tabulated respondents' critiques and ratings by type of respondent. Items were judged as to whether they were relevant, practical, and suggestive of high-quality clinical education settings. ⋯ The 12 standards, criteria, and related forms developed in this research project should be used as guidelines rather than as minimal requirements. They could be helpful in forming an impression not only about a particular clinical setting but also about the requirements of clinical education in general. Further research should include evaluating and comparing perceptions between sexes and among ethnic groups concerning their clinical education experiences. Also, standards and criteria for clinical instruction in athletic training should be systematically developed.
-
To examine, evaluate, and summarize the techniques used to assess pain in all the Original Research articles published in the Journal of Athletic Training from 1992 through 1998. A second objective was to determine whether any of the Original Research investigations that did not assess pain were on topics that included a pain component. A third purpose was to make recommendations for assessing pain in a clinical athletic training setting. ⋯ Pain is a construct of interest to those conducting athletic training research. Pain measures were included in approximately 1 of every 8 Original Research articles published in the Journal of Athletic Training. However, investigators have too frequently measured pain in a limited fashion, often focusing only on pain intensity. Measuring other components of pain could provide additional opportunities for learning more about the relationships between pain and athletic training procedures. We recommend that athletic trainers involved in research, as well as those engaged in clinical practice, consider systematically employing valid, multidimensional measures of pain to better understand the relationships between pain and athletic training outcomes.
-
To identify and describe alcohol use among NCAA Division I female college basketball, softball, and volleyball players and to determine to what extent the players have been exposed to alcohol or other drug education programs. ⋯ Based upon the results of this study, alcohol education has little impact on alcohol use among NCAA Division I female basketball, softball, and volleyball players, particularly out of season. Most choose to use alcohol simply to have fun. Because alcohol affects athletic performance, female athletes tend to use less alcohol in season. Future studies should address the types of alcohol prevention and intervention methods used during out-of-season and in-season periods. Correlation studies should investigate relationships between these programs and alcohol use among female athletes. A broader population of athletes from various sports (eg, field hockey, golf, gymnastics, tennis, soccer, and swimming) should also be investigated.
-
The purpose of this study was to evaluate time, head movement, and ratings of satisfaction with several popular tools used for retracting a football helmet face mask. ⋯ It is suggested that the skill of face mask retraction be learned and practiced.
-
The purpose of this survey was for comparison with a similar 1981 survey to determine if proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) techniques are being implemented in the same manner today. ⋯ Proprioceptive and kinesthetic deficits are known to occur after certain types of injuries, and the use of PNF techniques to correct these problems is a natural application A contemporary trend in exercise rehabilitation is multiplanar exercises, which are typified by PNF techniques.