European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society
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To explore the effect of citric acid (CA)-1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC)/N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) collagen gel on repairing annular defects. ⋯ CA-EDC/NHS collagen gel is capable of repairing annular defects induced by needle puncture, which may be closely related to the dose of CA.
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An in vitro biomechanical study. ⋯ The LP DRS provides 7.5 mm of reduced height with similar biomechanical performance. The reduced height may be beneficiary by reduced irritation and impingement on adjacent structures.