European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society
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Lumbosacral stress and age may contribute to increased pelvic incidence: an analysis of 1625 adults.
While there is a consensus that pelvic incidence (PI) remains constant after skeletal maturity, recent reports argue that PI increases after 60 years. This study aims to investigate whether PI increases with age and to determine potential associated factors. ⋯ PI is higher in female patients and in older patients, especially those over 45 years old. Spinal malalignment also may have a role in increased PI due to increased L5-S1 bending moment.
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Multicenter Study
Prospective multi-centric evaluation of upper cervical and infra-cervical sagittal compensatory alignment in patients with adult cervical deformity.
Reciprocal mechanisms for standing alignment have been described in thoraco-lumbar deformity but have not been studied in patients with primary cervical deformity (CD). The purpose of this study is to report upper- and infra-cervical sagittal compensatory mechanisms in patients with CD and evaluate their changes post-operatively. ⋯ Patients with cervical malalignment compensate with upper cervical hyper-lordosis, presumably for the maintenance of horizontal gaze. As cSVA increases, patients also tend to exhibit increased pelvic retroversion. Following surgical treatment, there was relaxation of upper cervical compensation.
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This investigation aimed to examine the extent to which case-based discussion with experts could influence the audience's opinions on the treatment of patients during a continuing medical education event for spine surgeons. ⋯ On the basis of our results, case-based discussion driven by experts, as a form of teaching, has a measurable effect in terms of changes in the learners' opinions.
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The line of sight when whole-spine radiographs are taken has not been defined. In our 2012 health screening study (TOEI study), whole-spine radiographs were taken with the volunteers in the most relaxed position and with a horizontal gaze. However, in the TOEI 2014 study, a mirror was placed in front of their faces to unify their line of sight. To our knowledge, there are no reports on how the sagittal alignment changes when radiographs are taken using a mirror. The purpose of this study was to investigate how mirror placement impacted sagittal spinal alignment in whole-spine radiographs taken while standing. ⋯ The smaller McGS variation in the TOEI 2014 study suggested that mirror placement could standardize the head's position. These results showed that the mirror placement retroflexed cervical alignment and caused the head to lean backward. It is important that a mirror is placed to unify the line of sight.