European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society
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To assess the long-term results of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion using the Cloward procedure for the treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy, and to identify possible clinical outcome predictors. ⋯ The Cloward technique is a safe and effective procedure for the treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy. The patients' preoperative neurological status and the length of follow-up affect the grade of postoperative ambulatory improvement.
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Comparative Study
Comparison of revision strategies for failed C2-posterior cervical pedicle screws: a biomechanical study.
With increasing usage within challenging biomechanical constructs, failures of C2 posterior cervical pedicle screws (C2-pCPSs) will occur. The purpose of the study was therefore to investigate the biomechanical characteristics of two revision techniques after the failure of C2-pCPSs. ⋯ Using a larger-diameter screw combined with the application of a pedicle bone-plastic, the POR can be significantly increased compared with the use of only an increased screw diameter.
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This study describes a percutaneous technique for C2 transpedicular screw fixation and evaluates its safety and efficacy in the treatment of patients with hangman's fracture. ⋯ The fluoroscopically assisted percutaneous C2 transpedicular screw fixation method is a technically feasible and minimally invasive technique for hangman's fracture.
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Comparative Study
Can intermuscular cleavage planes provide proper transverse screw angle? Comparison of two paraspinal approaches.
The goal of this study was to determine which paraspinal approach provided a better transverse screw angle (TSA) for each vertebral level in lower lumbar surgery. ⋯ In the lower lumbar vertebrae (L3-L5) and S1, pedicle screw placement through the Weaver's approach may more easily yield the preferred TSA consistent with TPA than that through the Wiltse's approach. The reference values obtained in this paper may be applied regardless of sex, age or BMI and the descriptive statistical results may be used as references for applying the two paraspinal approaches.
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Case Reports
Postoperative pharyngocutaneous fistula: treated by sternocleidomastoid flap repair and cricopharyngeus myotomy.
Pharyngoesophagocutaneous fistula (PEF) is one of the rare but serious complications of antero-lateral approach to cervical spine surgery. Because of its rarity, the true incidence of PEF is not clear. But, retrospective analysis of large series of cervical spine surgery reports 0-1.62 % incidence (Cloward in Surg 69:175-182, 1971; Elerkay et al. in J Neurosurg Spine 90(Suppl 1):35-41, 1999). Proximity to the vertebral column and thin walls makes the upper digestive tract vulnerable to injury in cervical trauma, surgical or nonsurgical. Presentation in early postoperative period is not rare and carries high morbidity and mortality (Jones and Ginsberg in Ann Thorac Surg 53(3):534-543, 1992). Various procedures for these fistulae such as simple closure, muscle flap interposition, esophageal diversion and jejunal interposition are reported. Some authors also advise removal of prosthetic plates and posterior stabilization, besides the repair of fistulae in a staged manner (Orlando et al. in Spine 28(15):E290-E295, 2003). ⋯ This case series highlights the importance of cricopharyngeus myotomy for treating PEF and the improved results with the prosthesis kept undisturbed.