European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society
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To devise a mathematical model for estimating the intraoperative lowest instrumented vertebra (LIV) tilt angle using preoperative supine left side-bending (LSB) radiographs in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients with Lenke type 1 and 2 (non-AR curves), and to review its clinical and radiological outcomes. ⋯ Achieving an intraoperative LIV tilt angle (β) greater than or equal to the preoperative α angle derived (β ≥ α) may help avoid the distal AO phenomenon.
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To investigate the relationship between spinal cord anatomy and the risk of curve progression in mild to moderate adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). ⋯ We found significant displacement of the medulla towards the concavity of the curve in progressive AIS. This finding supports the theory of a neuro-osseous growth mismatch as a part of the etiopathophysiology of AIS and may play a predictive role in prognosis of milder cases of AIS.
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Vertebral Hounsfield unit values on computed tomography scan (CT values) have been found to be correlated with bone density measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. We hypothesized that low preoperative CT values are risk factors for early loss of correction after percutaneous posterior spinal fixation (PPSF). This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of measuring preoperative CT values. ⋯ CT values can predict progressive loss of correction after PPSF.
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5q-spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a treatable neuromuscular disorder associated with scoliosis in up to 90% of patients. New SMA therapies could mark a paradigm shift in scoliosis management, but their effects on scoliosis development remain unclear. This study aims to observe scoliosis progression in the current treatment landscape to inform management strategies. ⋯ The observations made in this study suggest that the effects of SMA therapies do not prevent scoliosis development. The improved prognosis may lead to a growing cohort of SMA type 1 and 2 patients with early onset scoliosis who require early growth-friendly surgical interventions.
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There is a growing interest in using computed tomography (CT) scans to opportunistically assess bone mineral density via Hounsfield units (HU). Previous studies have shown lower HU in patients with vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) and that HU can predict pre-existing VCFs. This study evaluated whether HU from CT scans can predict the number of prevalent VCFs. ⋯ HU from CT scans can predict the presence and number of VCFs.