European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society
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The aetiology of idiopathic scoliosis: biomechanical and neuromuscular factors small curve develops due to a small defect in the neuromuscular control system and a second stage during adolescent growth in which the scoliotic curve is exacerbated by biomechanical factors.
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The goal of this study was to evaluate the ability of Ray threaded fusion cages, when used in an anterior approach, to restore intervertebral height and to improve the functional and occupational performance of the patients. The present study was initiated because insertion of fusion cages through a posterior approach causes destruction of facet joints and violation of the spinal canal. The anterior approach for insertion of threaded fusion cages to accomplish lumbar interbody fusion was evaluated in a series of 13 patients suffering monosegmental disc disease. ⋯ Although for the non-revised patients, the mean Prolo scores remained relatively stable during the 1st year, they dropped after 3 years. We were not able to identify any further clinical or radiological differences between the groups. These results indicate that although the anterior approach seems technically suitable for insertion of threaded fusion cages, destruction of the anterior longitudinal ligament and the anterior part of the annulus fibrosis appears to result in destabilisation of the motion segment.
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Case Reports
Pain pattern in multiple vertebral hemangiomas involving non-adjacent levels: report of two cases.
Hemangioma of the bone is a benign tumor usually involving the spine and the bones of the skull and pelvis. It may be either a single lesion or part of a generalized multifocal disease. Multiple lesions involving non-adjacent vertebrae are rare. ⋯ Investigation revealed multiple hemangiomas involving three non-adjacent vertebrae in the first patient and four in the second. We stress the fact that the existence of multiple non-adjacent lesions may remain undiagnosed for a considerable period of time and may be responsible for even longer-term recurrent episodes of pain. Multifocal location of back pain in patients with a known vertebral hemangioma may be considered a relative indication for the presence of multiple non-adjacent level lesions.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Accuracy of pedicle screw insertion with and without computer assistance: a randomised controlled clinical study in 100 consecutive patients.
We performed a randomised controlled study to assess the accuracy of computer-assisted pedicle screw insertion versus conventional screw placement under clinical conditions. One hundred patients scheduled for posterior thoracolumbar or lumbosacral pedicle screw instrumentation were randomised into two groups, either for conventional pedicle screw placement or computer-assisted screw application using an optoelectronic navigation system. From the computer-assisted group, nine patients were excluded: one because of an inadequate preoperative computed tomography study, seven because of problems with the specific instruments or the computer system, and one because of an intraoperative anesthesiological complication. ⋯ Pedicle perforations of more than 4 mm were found in 1.4% (4/277) of the screw insertions in the conventional group, and none in the computer-assisted group. Complications not related to pedicle screws were two L5 nerve root lesions, one end plate fracture, one major intraoperative bleeding and one postoperative death in the conventional group, and one deep infection in the computer-assisted group. In conclusion, pedicular screws were inserted more accurately with image-guided computer navigation than with conventional methods.