The Journal of foot and ankle surgery : official publication of the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons
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Review Case Reports
Open Talar Neck Fracture With Medial Subtalar Joint Dislocation: A Case Report.
We present a unique case of an open talar neck fracture with medial subtalar joint dislocation. This rare and traumatic injury was treated with immediate open reduction of the subtalar joint and open reduction internal fixation of the talar neck fracture. After a follow-up of 2.2 years, highlighted by numerous complications including posttraumatic arthritis, soft tissue abscess, and fibrotic adhesions, the patient recovered sufficiently to return full activity.
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Comparative Study
Risk Factors Associated With Major Lower Extremity Amputation After Osseous Diabetic Charcot Reconstruction.
Patients with diabetic Charcot neuroarthropathy (CN) are at high risk for ulcerations and major lower extremity amputations (LEAs). Osseous reconstruction is an important component in ulcer healing and prevention; however, despite such efforts, major LEAs remain a serious postreconstruction concern. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for major LEA in patients who underwent osseous Charcot reconstruction. ⋯ All patients had diabetes, neuropathy, or CN and required osseous reconstruction. Risk factors and their respective odds ratios (ORs) are as follows: postoperative nonunion (OR 8.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.2 to 33.5, 0.0023), development of new site of CN (OR 8.2; 95% CI 1.1 to 62.9; p = .0440), peripheral arterial disease (OR 4.3; 95% CI 1.7 to 11.0; p = .0020), renal disease (OR 3.7; 95% CI 1.6 to 8.8; p = .0025), postoperative delayed healing (OR 2.6; 95% CI 1.1 to 6.5; p = .0371), postoperative osteomyelitis (OR 2.4; 95% CI 1.0 to 5.9; p = .0473), or elevated glycated hemoglobin (OR 1.2; 95% CI 1.0 to 1.4; p = .0053). Independent risk factors found to be statistically significant for major LEA in diabetic CN in the setting of osseous reconstruction must be mitigated for long-term prevention of major amputations.
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Computed Tomography Imaging-Based Preoperative Virtual Simulation for Calcaneal Fractures Reduction.
Reduction of calcaneal fractures via a small incision approach at the sinus tarsi is technically difficult. This study was undertaken to determine if preoperative virtual simulation based on computed tomographic data improves reduction and reduces complications. Fifty-five patients with calcaneal fractures were treated via the sinus tarsi approach with minimally invasive plates between February 2013 and December 2015. ⋯ The mean American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society score was 88.7 ± 4.0, with an excellent/good rate of 94.5% (52 of 55). The mean visual analogue scale score was 0.8 ± 0.9. In conclusion, preoperative virtual simulation may be efficient to promote accomplishment of sinus tarsi surgery, and this step may help improve outcomes for calcaneal fractures.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Platelet-Rich Plasma Has Better Long-Term Results Than Corticosteroids or Placebo for Chronic Plantar Fasciitis: Randomized Control Trial.
Plantar fasciitis is the most common cause of heel pain. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a supersaturated concentration of autologous platelets that augments the natural healing response of fascia. Previous studies have shown the superiority of PRP over corticosteroids (CS) for chronic plantar fasciitis. ⋯ In contrast to previous studies, we found no significant drop-off effect of CS in the long term, which may be owing to background natural healing process of the disease. In summary, both PRP and CS are safe and effective treatment options for chronic plantar fasciitis, showing superior results to placebo treatment. The longer-term results and less reinjection and/or surgery rate of PRP makes it more attractive as an injection treatment option versus CS injection.
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Calcaneal fractures are complex injuries and have historically had a poor prognosis that results in substantial disability. However, no studies have been performed that analyze both the radiographic and plantar pressure changes after treatment of intraarticular calcaneus fracture. Patients with an intrarticular calcaneus fracture treated at our institution during the study period were identified from computerized hospital records. ⋯ Pedabarographic results showed that the mean maximum force in the midfoot, forefoot, and toes (p = .001; p = .04; p = .002) and peak pressure in the midfoot, forefoot (p = .001; p = .007), and contact area of the midfoot and toes (p = .038; p = .004) were significantly increased in the injured foot. Radiologic findings showed hindfoot varus, forefoot adductus, and an increase in the medial arch. Even after appropriate anatomic realignment with open reduction and internal fixation of calcaneus fractures, residual differences in plantar pressures and radiographic measures are noted compared to uninjured foot.