Anaesthesia
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Biography Historical Article
The Alcock chloroform vaporizer. An early calibrated temperature-compensated plenum apparatus in its historical context.
A long-forgotten chloroform inhaler, probably the first accurately calibrated, temperature compensatable, plenum vaporizer, is described. Its place in the dosimetric movement at the beginning of the 20th century is considered, together with a brief account of the life of its designer.
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A 13-year-old female suffered urticaria and severe bronchospasm sufficient to cause hypoxic cardiac arrest after intravenous induction of anaesthesia. Etomidate was strongly implicated in the reaction. The management and mechanism of the reaction are described and discussed, together with consideration of future anaesthesia in the patient.
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In a study of 144 children aged 1-12 years, attempts were made to assess the ED50 and ED90 of the intravenous induction agent, propofol. The doses required for loss of eyelash reflex and tolerance of facemask, in 50% of unpremedicated children, were 1.6 mg/kg and 2.5 mg/kg respectively. ⋯ This probably corresponds to an effective induction dose. Pain and movement on induction were common; the incidence was 27% and 21.5% respectively.