Anaesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
The antiemetic effectiveness of droperidol during morphine patient-controlled analgesia.
This prospective, double-blind study examined the antiemetic effectiveness of the addition of droperidol to a morphine solution for use in patient-controlled analgesia in a group of 50 patients undergoing elective lumbar laminectomy. The addition of 20 mg droperidol to 120 mg morphine in 60 ml saline given by a Baxter 'Infusor' patient-controlled analgesia device reduced the incidence of vomiting as compared to the addition of sodium chloride from 42.8% to 12.5% (p = 0.028) and of nausea from 71.4% to 29.2% (p = 0.005). The proportion of patients requiring rescue antiemetic therapy was reduced from 47.6% to 16.7% (p = 0.025) and the time interval to the first use of rescue antiemetic agent was significantly prolonged (p = 0.029). The use of droperidol was associated with an increased degree of sedation during the first 12 h after operation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Propofol and postanaesthetic shivering.
Sixty ASA grade 1 unpremedicated patients scheduled for minor elective surgery were randomly allocated to receive general anaesthesia consisting of either propofol-nitrous oxide in oxygen or a conventional technique of thiopentone-isoflurane-nitrous oxide-oxygen. Baseline axillary temperature readings, duration of operation and intra-operative decrease in axillary temperature were similar in both groups. The patients who received propofol-nitrous oxide-oxygen anaesthesia had a significantly lower incidence of postanaesthetic shivering than the control group. A propofol-nitrous oxide-oxygen technique may be preferable when postanaesthetic shivering is deemed undesirable.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Dose-responses for edrophonium during antagonism of vecuronium block in young and older adult patients.
The dose-response relationship for edrophonium during antagonism of vecuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade was studied in two groups of adult patients of mean (SD) age 35 (10.0) years (n = 42) and 77 (5.4) years (n = 42) respectively. Neuromuscular block was monitored by recording the force of contraction of the adductor pollicis muscle following train-of-four stimulation. ⋯ The dose-response curves showed no significant difference between the two age groups except at 10 min. The estimated dose of edrophonium required for attaining a train-of-four ratio of 0.7 at 10 min was 0.9 and 1.3 mg.kg-1 in the younger and older groups, respectively (p < 0.05).