Anaesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
The haemodynamic effects of propofol in combination with ephedrine.
Forty ASA1 patients presenting for minor gynaecological surgery were randomly allocated into four study groups to compare the haemodynamic effects of adding different doses of ephedrine to an induction dose of propofol. Heart rate, oxygen saturation and non-invasive arterial blood pressure were monitored before and for 5 min after induction. In those patients who received propofol alone, there was a significant decrease in both systolic (p < 0.001) and diastolic (p = 0.003) blood pressure. ⋯ The addition of ephedrine 10 mg was insufficient to prevent hypotension. There was no significant effect on either heart rate or oxygen saturation in any group. We conclude that ephedrine may be safely employed to reduce the degree of hypotension during induction with propofol in this patient group.
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In order to improve arterial oxygenation and venous admixture during one lung ventilation, the effect of selective infusion of prostaglandin E1 into the pulmonary artery of the ventilated lung was investigated in 12 adult patients undergoing thoracotomy. Patients' bronchi were intubated with a Mallinckrodt bronchial tube and ventilated with 66% oxygen in air. Cardiopulmonary factors such as systemic and pulmonary arterial pressures, pulmonary vascular resistance, blood gas analyses, cardiac output and airway pressure were measured before and during one-lung ventilation; venous admixture (Qs/Qt) was calculated. ⋯ The plasma endothelin-1 concentration reached a plateau between the end of one lung ventilation (before closing the thorax) and 6 h postoperatively. This correlated inversely with the pre-operative forced expiratory volume in one second (r = -0.68, p < 0.005), declining to normal values 72 h after operation. The selective infusion of PGE1 into the pulmonary artery of the ventilated lung corrected pulmonary vasoconstriction and improved both arterial oxygenation and venous admixture during one lung ventilation for thoracotomy.
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Letter Case Reports
Is caudal anaesthesia a safe-choice for infant hernia repair?