Anaesthesia
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A new, rigid intubating fibrescope, the Upsherscope, was evaluated in clinical practice. Intubation was attempted in 200 adult patients and was successful in 191, with a median intubation time of 38 s, range 14-154 s. ⋯ Difficulties were encountered in picking up the epiglottis, in passing the tracheal tube between the vocal cords and with secretions interfering with the view. In two patients known to be difficult to intubate, the Upsherscope was successful in one patient using an awake technique and failed in the other.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
A comparison of the effects of isoflurane and desflurane on the neuromuscular effects of mivacurium.
The effects of 1 MAC of desflurane and isoflurane (in 66% nitrous oxide) on the potency and duration of action of mivacurium were studied in 80 patients. The ED95 of mivacurium was 86 micrograms.kg-1 (74-100) and 88 micrograms.kg-1 (76-103) (mean and 95% confidence intervals) during anaesthesia with desflurane and isoflurane respectively. ⋯ There was no significant difference in any of the variables between desflurane and isoflurane. It is concluded that the neuromuscular effects of mivacurium are similar during anaesthesia with 1 MAC of desflurane and isoflurane.
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Letter Historical Article
Classic paper: a fibreoptic endoscope used for tracheal intubation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
A comparison of the induction characteristics of sevoflurane and halothane in children.
The induction characteristics of sevoflurane and halothane were compared in 81 children aged 6 months to 6 years. The mean time taken to achieve loss of eyelash reflex was significantly shorter with sevoflurane than with halothane (sevoflurane, mean time (SD) 1 min 41 s (35 s), halothane, mean time (SD) 2 min 17 s (43 s), t = 4.11, p = < 0.01). ⋯ Effects on heart rate, blood pressure and oxygen saturation during induction were similar for both agents. There were no major complications during induction with either halothane or sevoflurane.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
The delivery of oxygen by a venturi T piece.
We have evaluated the performance of the Intersurgical 40% Oxygen Recovery T-Kit in ten healthy volunteers. Inspired oxygen and end-tidal carbon dioxide concentrations were measured during normal respiration and with variations in respiratory rate and depth. ⋯ All three modifications increased the inspired oxygen concentration, the longer expiratory limb to 34.6% (p < 0.01) and the altered T piece arrangement to 37.3% (p < 0.01). The highest inspired oxygen concentration of 40.3% (p < 0.01) was obtained by increasing the length of the inspiratory limb.