Anaesthesia
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We evaluated the modified Airway Management Device (AMDTM) in 60 spontaneously breathing anaesthetised patients. The insertion and removal of the device was very easy and atraumatic. The airway was secured on the first attempt in 41 patients (70%; 95% CI 57-80%). ⋯ Ten of these patients were male and two were female; the failure rate was 33% (12-31%) among the male patients and 6% (2-22%) among the female patients. The cuff volumes ranged from 4 ml to 80 ml and cuff pressures from 6 cm H2O to 92 cm H2O. Blood was seen on removal in three patients (6%; 2-16%) and nine patients (18%; 10-30%) experienced sore throat after removal of the device.
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In order to establish current practice with regard to the reuse of infusion equipment between patients receiving total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA), a postal survey of 393 consultants was carried out. Additionally, consultants' awareness of relevant guidelines was assessed. Overall, 46% of consultants change all equipment between cases, 37% change one-way valves and 17% change distal lengths of the infusion tubing. ⋯ Disposal of all equipment between cases incurs a 26% greater cost when compared to changing one-way valves alone. Variation in practice between consultants creates the potential for system errors. Practice should be standardised and, to comply with the published guidelines, should involve disposal of all equipment between cases.
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In order to determine the current level of support provided to anaesthetists on the labour suite, a postal questionnaire was sent to the lead consultants of the 257 obstetric units in England and Wales. One hundred and ninety-five replied, a response rate of 76%. Of those who replied, only 1% of units experienced frequent delays to elective obstetric lists due to lack of an anaesthetic assistant and 141 units (72%) had a designated assistant for the labour ward. ⋯ One hundred and sixty-eight units (86%) had an operating department practitioner/nurse (ODP/N) resident on call for the hospital, but not exclusively for the maternity unit. In 76% of units, midwives assisted the anaesthetist when inserting regional blocks in labour. More than one-third of respondents thought that it would be appropriate to have a dedicated ODP/N resident on call for the labour ward who would also assist with labour analgesia blocks.
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Fatigue has been implicated in the occurrence of critical incidents. Using a driving simulator to assess vigilance, we investigated the effect of sleep disruption on the ability of anaesthetists to maintain vigilance after a night on-call. Following an undisturbed night of sleep, subjects demonstrated a significant improvement in their vigilance scores. ⋯ The timing of disturbance had a bearing on performance. Subjects' performance was worse if their sleep had been disturbed in the first third of the night. The effect of sleep disruption on vigilance has implications for patient safety during anaesthesia.