Anaesthesia
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A cannula and conveniently arranged ancillary apparatus designed to assist endotracheal intubation of patients with upper respiratory tract obstruction prior to tracheostomy are described.
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The adsorptive properties of four charcoals have been examined in relation to their value as adsorbents in filters attached to an anaesthetic trolley. Data for four anaesthetics have been obtained. ⋯ Basic data are thus provided for the design of suitable adsorbers. The performance of two prototype anaesthetic adsorbers has been measured.
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Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
Topical analgesia before tracheal intubation.
The major toxic effects of local analgesic drugs are regarded as due to over-dosage. A technique of topical analgesia for tracheal intubation using lignocaine is described based on spraying the pyriform fossae to effect a superior laryngeal nerve block combined with topical analgesia of larynx and trachea which avoids excessive exposure of the lowere airway to the local analgesic. The results show lower levels of venous blood lignocaine with slower absorption of the agent than when similar doses are applied to the trachea. This method is accordingly recommended.
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A case of neurological damage associated with lumbar epidural block is presented. Muscle paralysis and sensory loss were found in the immediate postoperative period and there was partial recovery of muscle power. The possible mechanisms of nerve damage are discussed.
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This study reports pupillary changes occurring in seventeen of twenty pregnant women at term who received caudal analgesia for the relief of pain in the first and second stages of labour. It is suggested that 10 ml or more of analgesic solution, injected into the sacral epidural space, reaches high enough (probably to T1) to cause meiosis and/or ptosis.