Der Anaesthesist
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Adequate analgesia is one of the most important measures of emergency care in addition to treatment of vital function disorders and, if indicated, should be promptly undertaken; however, a large proportion of emergency patients receive no or only inadequate pain therapy. The numeric rating scale (NRS) is recommended for pain assessment but is not applicable to every group of patients; therefore, vital signs and body language should be included in the assessment. ⋯ Basic prerequisites for safe and effective analgesia by healthcare professionals are the use of adequate monitoring, the provision of well-defined emergency equipment, and the mastery of emergency procedures. In a structured competence system, paramedics and nursing personnel can perform safe and effective analgesia.
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Intraoperative eye protection is generally important during surgery in patients under general anesthesia. There are, however, challenges that arise when a laser is used intraoperatively. In gynecological and urological diseases lasers are increasingly being used for treatment but a lege artis eye cover or protection has not yet been investigated in the international literature. ⋯ The findings from the expert interviews are to be understood as practice recommendations. Further research is needed in the future.