Der Anaesthesist
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Randomized Controlled Trial
[Influence of gender on the intubation conditions with rocuronium].
There is increasing evidence for gender differences in the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of anaesthetic drugs and neuromuscular blocking agents, e.g. rocuronium (Roc). Females require 30% less Roc than males to achieve the same degree of neuromuscular block and onset times are shorter. However, whether this leads to an improvement of the intubation conditions in females is unclear. ⋯ The intubation conditions after Roc were significantly better in women than in men. The differences were Roc-related and did not occur in the control groups.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
[Influence of blockades with local anesthetics on the stimulation ability of a nerve by peripheral nerve stimulation. Results of a randomized study].
In the present study we examined the influence of local anesthetics on the ability to stimulate a nerve by means of peripheral nerve stimulation. In 35 patients either 5 ml saline (group 1, n=18) or local anesthetics (group 2, n=17) were injected close to the sciatic nerve in a randomized and double-blind manner. ⋯ Therefore nerve damage might occur despite the use of peripheral nerve stimulation. Thus, the multiple injection technique in a close anatomical area has to be considered critically, because anesthetized or partially anesthetized nerves have a lower stimulating ability and could be damaged by a second or third puncture.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
[Influence of gender on propofol consumption and recovery times].
We investigated gender differences of drug consumption and recovery times for propofol-remifentanil anaesthesia. ⋯ With propofol-remifentanil anaesthesia, gender has impact on recovery times and propofol consumption. If the same amounts of propofol are applied, males awake later, with BIS or Narcotrend monitoring males receive less propofol for comparable EEG effects.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
[A factorial trial of six interventions for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting].
Untreated, one third of patients who undergo surgery will have postoperative nausea and vomiting. Although many trials have been conducted, the relative benefits of prophylactic antiemetic interventions given alone or in combination remain unknown. ⋯ Because antiemetic interventions are similarly effective and act independently, the safest or least expensive should be used first. Prophylaxis is rarely warranted in low-risk patients, moderate-risk patients may benefit from a single intervention, and multiple interventions should be reserved for high-risk patients.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
[Comparison of incomplete (135 degrees ) and complete prone position (180 degrees ) in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Results of a prospective, randomised trial].
Ventilation in the prone position is carried out for improvement of pulmonary gas exchange in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We compared the effects of an incomplete prone position (IPP, 135( degrees )) with a complete prone position (CPP, 180( degrees )) in patients with ARDS. ⋯ Incomplete prone position improves oxygenation in ARDS patients, but less effectively than a "classic" CPP. In these patients the use of a CPP should be preferred.