Der Anaesthesist
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Editorial Comment
[Preoperative fluid fasting-Safety, homeostasis and well-being].
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Perioperative cardioprotection aims to minimize the consequences of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. These strategies appear particularly relevant for anesthesia provision during on-pump cardiac surgery but they potentially affect any cause of perioperative myocardial ischemia. In recent years, several pharmacological and nonpharmacological strategies of cardioprotection have been explored. Results from studies in isolated tissue and animal experiments are promising; however, translation of myocardial conditioning strategies to the clinical setting has been disappointing: in large trials cardioprotective interventions failed to significantly improve outcome. ⋯ Results of experimental studies are convincing but translation into clinical practice remains challenging. Several confounders have been identified contributing to the mainly inconclusive results from clinical studies, such as comorbidities and comedications, choice of anesthetic regimen and also methodological issues. Carefully designed clinical trials in well-defined patient cohorts evaluating combinations of protective strategies targeting different pathways and cell types might support bench to bedside translation.
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Teaching of resuscitation measures is not mandatory in all schools in Germany. It is currently limited to individual, partly mandatory projects despite a low bystander resuscitation rate. For this reason, the Ministry for Schools and Education of North Rhine-Westphalia initiated the project "Bystander resuscitation at schools in NRW" in March 2017. ⋯ A legal constitution and funding are necessary for a nationwide introduction of resuscitation in schools. All established concepts are effective, therefore each school can use them exactly according to their needs, optimally in a stepped form. Training for teachers should focus on resuscitation.