Der Anaesthesist
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Comparative Study
[Effect of ethrane on the circulatory parameters of geriatric patients (author's transl)].
The cardiovascular effects of enflurane in geriatric patients have been compared with the effects of this anaesthetic agent in a group of young patients. The degree of cardiovascular depression in geriatric patients was much greater than in the young patients despite the smaller inspired concentration of enflurane necessary to produce a similar depth of anaesthesia. In comparison with halothane and neuroleptanaesthesia, enflurane produced the greatest decrease in cardiac output. The mean arterial pressure, however, was quite well maintained due to a simultaneous increase in total peripheral resistance.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
[The influence of hydroxyethyl starch on blood clotting (author's transl)].
It has been shown in clinical experiments that blood coagulation was delayed by Dextran 60 and Hydroxyethylstarch (HAS). During the postoperative period up to the 2nd postoperative day the measured clotting factors were decreased within the physiological range. ⋯ A similar effect of haemodilution as seen by haematocrit and blood viscosity results was produced by Dextran 60 and Hydroxyethylstarch. In the electrolyte group the values obtained did not show any significant influence on blood coagulation apart from a light and temporary trend to hypercoagulation during the day of operation.
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Comparative Study
[The effect of the plasma substitutes hydroxyethyl starch and dextrane-60 on the kidney function of dogs in acute haemorrhagic shock (author's transl)].
In 14 dogs during experimentally induced haemorrhagic shock the effects of 6% solutions of hydroxyethyl starch and Dextran-60 were compared. As main parameters of the renal function the arterial and venous pressures, renal blood flow, creatinine-clearance as measure of the glomerular filtration rate, urinary flow rate and urinary excretion of sodium and potassium were estimated. ⋯ If only 50% of the lost volume was substituted, the renal blood flow and filtration rate remained at or below control values. Hydroxyethyl starch and Dextran-60 proved to be almost equally effective in restoring renal function.
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Comparative Study
[Comparative investigations of hydroxyethyl starch and dextran 60 in Isovolaemic haemodilution and haemorrhagic shock of rats (author's transl)].
Isovolaemic blood volume replacement down to a haematocrit value of 20% by commercial dextran 60 or hydroxyethyl starch has been survived by male rats of the Wistar strain without significant deviations from the initial blood volume. The haemoglobin and haematocrit values were found to be practically within the normal range 14 days after treatment. ⋯ The kidneys of both series when examined by the light microscopy showed no pathological changes. On the basis of the findings presented hydroxyethyl starch may be considered to be as effective in blood volume replacement as dextran 60.
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Isovolaemic haemodilution to a hematocrit of 10% was achieved by stepwise exchange of blood against 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HES) in 11 splenectomized dogs. All animals survived the actuely performed extreme haemodilution; one animal died 5 days later due to massive bilateral pneumonia. ⋯ Thus under conditions of extreme isovolaemic haemodilution the volume effect of hydroxyethyl starch was found inferior to that of dextran 60. Haemodilution with HES was associated with a presistent augmentation of the serum concentration alpha-amylase.