Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA
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Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc · Aug 2010
Are evidence-based protocols which identify vascular injury associated with knee dislocation underutilized?
A concerning number of patients referred to our clinic with knee dislocations have not been thoroughly evaluated for popliteal injury. The objective of this study is to present our experience and attempt to identify possible causes for this trend. Thirty-one consecutive patients with knee dislocations referred over a 1-year period were evaluated. ⋯ The consequences of a delay in diagnosis beyond 8 h can be catastrophic and one patient in this series required an above-knee amputation. This is not new information, however, a significant number of patients with knee dislocations continue to be evaluated solely by initial pedal pulse examination. Though effective protocols exist, orthopedic surgeons must work to facilitate the implementation of these protocols at their referring institutions.
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Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc · Jul 2010
Randomized Controlled TrialAdditional pain relieving effect of intraoperative periarticular injections after simultaneous bilateral TKA: a randomized, controlled study.
The authors investigated the clinical value of intraoperative periarticular multimodal drug injections (PMDI) in patients on continuous epidural analgesia after simultaneous bilateral TKAs. In 55 patients scheduled to undergo simultaneous bilateral TKAs, one knee was randomly assigned to the PMDI group for which intraoperative periarticular injections were administered and the other knee was assigned to the No-PMDI group for which the injections were not done. These two groups were compared for pain level (during the operation night and on postoperative days (POD) 1, 4, and 7), functional recovery (ability to perform straight leg raising on POD 1 and maximum flexion on POD 7), patient satisfaction (POD 7), and the incidence of wound complications. ⋯ Furthermore, no significant group differences were found in terms of functional recovery, patient satisfaction. No wound complication has been occurred in the PMDI group. This study demonstrates that PMDI provides additional pain relief limited to the immediate postoperative period but does not improve pain relief after POD 1, patient satisfaction and functional recovery.
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Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc · Jul 2010
The association between component malalignment and post-operative pain following navigation-assisted total knee arthroplasty: results of a cohort/nested case-control study.
Previous studies have noted an adverse relationship between implant malalignment during total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and post-operative pain. Although some evidence exists indicating that computer-assisted surgical navigation for TKA can improve the accuracy of component alignment, its impact on clinical outcomes is currently unknown. The dual goals of the present cohort/nested case-control study were to (1) compare self-reported responses to the Western Ontario-McMaster Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) questionnaire between computer-assisted TKA (123 patients) using the imageless PiGalileo navigation system and conventional TKA (207 patients) [cohort analysis], and (2) to investigate a potential association between malalignment and post-operative pain in 19 painful knees and 19 asymptomatic knees obtained from the cohort analysis using matched sampling [nested case-control study]. ⋯ In the nested case-control analysis, radiological outcomes and computer tomography (CT) measurements of femoral rotation were compared between the groups. The CT rotation measurements yielded evidence of a relationship between post-operative pain and incorrect rotational alignment of the femoral component of more than 3 degrees (OR: 7; 95% CI: 1.2-42; P = .033). In conclusion, there was no clinical benefit to computer-assisted navigation; however, a statistically significant relationship was observed between incorrect rotational alignment of the femoral component and symptoms of post-operative pain following TKA.
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Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc · Jun 2010
Randomized Controlled TrialIntra-articular morphine and bupivicaine for post-operative analgesia in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a prospective randomised controlled trial.
Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) has the potential for significant post-operative pain. Conventional systemic opiate treatment may cause nausea and drowsiness, which may delay recovery. The use of intra-articular local anaesthesia has been shown to be effective. ⋯ Group M required less opiate analgesic post-operatively (oral morphine equivalent 50 mg for group L and 27 mg for group M, P < 0.007). There were no complications associated with the intra-articular analgesic. The simple addition of morphine to the intra-articular injection of bupivicaine gives a significant reduction in opiate analgesic requirement after ACLR.
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Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc · May 2010
The immediate effect of repeated loading on the compressive strength of young porcine lumbar spine.
The human spine is exposed to repeated loading during daily activities and more extremely during sports. Despite this, there remains a lack of knowledge regarding the immediate effects on the spine due to this mode of loading. Age-specific spinal injury patterns has been demonstrated and this implies differences in reaction to load mode and load history The purpose of the present study was to investigate the impact of cyclic pre-loading on the biomechanical properties and fracture patterns of the adolescent spine in an experimental model. ⋯ The endplate and the growth zone were the weakest part in the cyclic loaded functional spinal units. Disc signal reduction and disc height reduction was found on MRI. The E-modulus value found in this study was of the same order of magnitude as found by others using a porcine animal model.