Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy
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The majority of pain sufferers experience images when in pain. The most distressing of these images (the Index image) provokes intense emotional reactions, appraisal shifts, and increases in pain. The ability of pain sufferers to rescript their Index images, and the consequences of doing so, remain to be determined. ⋯ Index images of pain sufferers can be easily elicited and rescripted. Rescripting leads to remarkable reductions in emotion, cognitions and pain levels that are not attributable to image repetition. The significant reductions in pain were independent of reductions in emotion. The implications of these results for CBT approaches to pain management are considered.
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Behav Cogn Psychother · Oct 2012
Pain related-visual imagery is associated with distress in chronic pain sufferers.
Chronic pain patients often describe their pain in ways that suggest vivid mental images, with some reporting images relating to their pain. Despite these clinical observations, there are few studies describing the nature and consequences of these images. This study examined whether mental imagery of pain is associated with levels of reported distress, cognitions, disability or pain severity. ⋯ Mental images of pain appear to be associated with higher levels of anxiety, depression and catastrophizing. It is possible that these images play a role in maintaining such difficulties. For these patients, imagery may provide a route via which clinicians can work with patients to help them reinterpret or respond more flexibly to their pain.
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Behav Cogn Psychother · Mar 2012
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyComparing two brief psychological interventions to usual care in panic disorder patients presenting to the emergency department with chest pain.
Panic disorder (PD) is a common, often unrecognized condition among patients presenting with chest pain to the emergency departments (ED). Nevertheless, psychological treatment is rarely initiated. We are unaware of studies that evaluated the efficacy of brief cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) for this population. ⋯ CBT-based interventions as brief as a single session initiated within 2 weeks after an ED visit for chest pain appear to be effective for PD. Given the high prevalence of PD in emergency care settings, greater efforts should be made to implement these interventions in the ED and/or primary care setting.
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Behav Cogn Psychother · Mar 2012
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyCognitive predictors of change in cognitive behaviour therapy and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depression.
An appreciation of cognitive predictors of change in treatment outcome may help to better understand differential treatment outcomes. The aim of this study was to examine how rumination and mindfulness impact on treatment outcome in two group-based interventions for non-melancholic depression: Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT). ⋯ Results suggest that decreases in rumination scores may be a common feature following both CBT and MBCT interventions. However, post-treatment rumination scores were associated with post-treatment mindfulness in the MBCT condition, suggesting a unique role for mindfulness in understanding treatment outcome for MBCT.
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Behav Cogn Psychother · Oct 2011
Imagery and pain: the prevalence, characteristics, and potency of imagery associated with pain.
There is a dearth of information about imagery in pain sufferers. ⋯ It was concluded that imagery is a prevalent, often "unobserved" but potent cognition in pain sufferers. The implications for CBT approaches to chronic pain, including image rescripting, are considered.