Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
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To examine the Rapid Emergency Medicine Score (REMS) as a predictor of long-term (4.7 years) mortality in the nonsurgical emergency department (ED). ⋯ REMS was a powerful predictor of long-term mortality in patients attending the ED for a wide range of common nonsurgical disorders.
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To characterize the types and external causes of pediatric injury-related visits (IRVs) to emergency departments (EDs), in particular, sports-related injuries. To compare the characteristics of children with IRVs with those with non-IRVs, specifically, differences in IRV rates by race and ethnicity and by health insurance. ⋯ Sports and recreation are the leading external causes of pediatric IRVs to EDs in the United States. There are different patterns of IRVs according to gender, age, race, ethnicity, and insurance. Identification of specific patterns of injury is necessary for the design of effective prevention strategies.
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The purpose of the Emergency Medical Services Outcomes Project (EMSOP) is to develop a foundation and framework for out-of-hospital outcomes research. In prior work, this group delineated the priority conditions, described conceptual models, suggested core and risk adjustment measures potentially useful to emergency medical services research, and summarized out-of-hospital pain measurement. In this fifth article in the EMSOP series, the authors recommend specific risk-adjustment measures and outcome measures for use in out-of-hospital research on patients presenting with respiratory distress. ⋯ The EMSOP group recommends use of pulse oximetry, peak expiratory flow rate, and the visual analog dyspnea scale as potential risk-adjustment measures and outcome measures for out-of-hospital research in patients with respiratory distress. Furthermore, using mortality as an outcome measure is also recommended. Future research is needed to alleviate the paucity of validated tools for out-of-hospital outcomes research.
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Practice Guideline Guideline
The Society for Academic Emergency Medicine position on informed consent for emergency medicine research.
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Brain edema occurs following clinical as well as experimental cardiac arrest (CA) and predicts a poor neurologic outcome. The objective of this study was to determine the expression of cerebral cortex aquaporin (AQP)-4, a member of a family of membrane water-channel proteins, in brain edema formation following normothermic or hypothermic CA. ⋯ Cerebral cortical AQP4 expression is up-regulated after normothermic CA, which is attenuated by hypothermia induced before CA.