Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
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Multicenter Study
Prospective multicenter study of the viral etiology of bronchiolitis in the emergency department.
To determine the viral etiology of bronchiolitis and clinical characteristics of children age < 2 years presenting to the emergency department (ED) with bronchiolitis. ⋯ In this multicenter study, RSV was the most frequent cause of bronchiolitis (64%). RV was present in 16%, and these children have a distinct profile in terms of demographics, medical history, and ED treatment.
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Measurements of the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) using bedside ultrasound (US) have been shown to correlate with clinical and radiologic signs and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure (ICP). ⋯ Using an ROC curve the authors systematically confirmed the commonly used threshold of ONSD > 5 mm to detect ICP > 20 cm H2O. This study directly correlates ventriculostomy measurements of ICP with US ONSD measurements and provides further support for the use of ONSD measurements as a noninvasive test for elevated ICP.
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There is substantial variation in the emergency department (ED) disposition of patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA), and the factors responsible for this variation have not been determined. In this study, the authors examined the influence of clinical, sociodemographic, and hospital characteristics on ED disposition. ⋯ While clinical factors predictably and appropriately impact the ED disposition of patients diagnosed with TIA, several nonclinical factors are also associated with differences in disposition. Additional research is needed to better understand the basis for these disparities and their potential impact on patient outcomes.