Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
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To evaluate the quality of pain assessment by emergency medical services (EMS) in out-of-hospital emergencies. ⋯ EMS providers significantly underestimate their patients' pain severity. EMS providers should be more attentive to their patients' complaints and comfort.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Does the sedative agent facilitate emergency rapid sequence intubation?
To ascertain whether the sedative agent administered during neuromuscular-blocking agent-facilitated intubation (rapid sequence intubation [RSI]) influences the number of attempts and overall success at RSI. ⋯ Thiopental, methohexital, and propofol appear to facilitate RSI in emergency department patients, independent of patient characteristics or intubator training. A deeper plane of anesthesia may improve intubating conditions in emergency patients undergoing RSI by complementing incomplete muscle paralysis.
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The ACLS (advanced cardiac life support) Score was previously developed to predict survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Whether the arrest was witnessed, initial cardiac rhythm, performance of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and the response time of the paramedic unit were determined to be predictive of survival. However, the ACLS Score has not been validated in other emergency medical services systems. ⋯ The previously published ACLS Score was not valid when applied to an external cohort of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients. An externally valid model is needed to predict survival to hospital discharge following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Bispectral electroencephalographic analysis of patients undergoing procedural sedation in the emergency department.
To determine whether there is a correlation between the level of sedation achieved during procedural sedation (PS) in the emergency department as determined by bispectral electroencephalographic (EEG) analysis (BIS) and the rate of respiratory depression (RD), the patient's perception of pain, recall of the procedure, and satisfaction. ⋯ Patients with a lowest recorded BIS score between 70 and 85 had the same VAS outcomes as more deeply sedated patients and the same rate of RD as less deeply sedated patients. This range of scores represented the optimally sedated patients in this study.