Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Nebulized fentanyl for relief of abdominal pain.
To compare the efficacies of nebulized vs. intravenous fentanyl for the relief of abdominal pain. ⋯ Nebulized fentanyl provides comparable analgesia to that of intravenous fentanyl.
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To perform a systematic review of the emergency medicine literature to assess the appropriateness of offering routine HIV screening to patients in the emergency department (ED). ⋯ Multiple ED-based studies meeting the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Guideline threshold to recommend routine screening, in conjunction with limited feasibility trials and extrapolation from cost-benefit studies, provide evidence to recommend that EDs offer HIV screening to high-risk patients (i.e., those with identifiable risk factors) or high-risk populations (i.e., those where HIV seroprevelance is at least 1%).
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Multicenter Study
A brief risk-stratification tool to predict repeat emergency department visits and hospitalizations in older patients discharged from the emergency department.
To evaluate the predictive ability of a simple six-item triage risk screening tool (TRST) to identify elder emergency department (ED) patients at risk for ED revisits, hospitalization, or nursing home (NH) placement within 30 and 120 days following ED discharge. ⋯ Older ED patients with two or more risk factors on a simple triage screening tool were found to be at significantly increased risk for subsequent ED use, hospitalization, and nursing home admission.
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Comparative Study
Geriatric trauma patients-are they receiving trauma center care?
The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate whether severely injured geriatric patients were as likely to be treated at designated trauma centers (TCs) within the statewide trauma system. The secondary objective was to compare the demographic and injury characteristics of severely injured older and young patients who received care in TCs with the characteristics of those patients cared for in non-TCs. ⋯ Seriously injured older patients were less likely to receive care in a trauma center than younger patients.