Annals of surgical oncology
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Endoscopic biopsy examinations after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) are of limited value in patients with esophageal cancer due to the high rates of false negative (FN) findings. We sought to investigate the anatomical locations of residual tumors in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients with FN endoscopic biopsies with the ultimate goal of improving their clinical management. ⋯ Most ESCC patients who show FN endoscopic biopsies following nCRT still have detectable lesions in the M/SM layers. Aggressive biopsy protocols may potentially improve detection rates.
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To validate the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) prognostic nomogram in a single-institution cohort of patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), and to compare its predictive accuracy against other established risk classification systems, including the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), and Joensuu criteria. ⋯ The MSKCC nomogram slightly underestimated the probability of RFS after surgical resection of GISTs. It was associated with a significantly better predictive accuracy compared to the NIH and Joensuu. This study suggests that there is a wider than expected prognostic divergence between gastric GISTs versus GISTs arising from the small intestine.
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We examined the incidence and modern national trends in the management of Paget's disease (PD), including the use of breast-conserving surgery (BCS), mastectomy, axillary surgery, and receipt of radiotherapy. ⋯ The incidence of Paget's disease has decreased over time while modern trends in local therapy suggest that BCS, SLNB, and adjuvant radiotherapy remain underutilized.
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Women with breast cancer are increasingly choosing to undergo contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) despite questionable survival benefit and limited data on added risks. Little is known about differences in perioperative complications between women who undergo bilateral mastectomy (BM) versus unilateral mastectomy (UM) with reconstruction. ⋯ CPM is associated with significant increases in some, but not all, surgical site complications. CPM does not increase the likelihood of medical complications, which are generally infrequent.
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Many women at increased risk for breast cancer could benefit from preventive therapy. Preventive therapy options for breast cancer risk reduction have expanded in the last few years to include both selective receptor modulators (tamoxifen and raloxifene) and aromatase inhibitors (anastrozole and exemestane). ⋯ Published guidelines on chemoprevention for breast cancer have been updated to increase awareness and encourage discussion between patients and their physicians regarding evidence-based studies evaluating the benefits of preventive options for women at increased risk for breast cancer. However, even with increasing awareness and established benefits of preventive therapy, the uptake of chemoprevention has been low, with both physician and patient barriers identified. It is prudent that these barriers be overcome to enable high-risk women with a favorable risk-to-benefit ratio to be offered chemoprevention to reduce their likelihood of developing hormone receptor-positive breast cancer.