International journal of behavioral medicine
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Previous research on the fear-avoidance model (FAM) of chronic pain suggests that the personality traits of neuroticism and negative affect (NA) influence pain catastrophizing. However, the mechanisms of their influence on pain catastrophizing remain unclear. ⋯ The results offer preliminary evidence that patients presenting with more neurotic symptom and heightened NA probably elicit more catastrophic thoughts about pain.
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The purposes of this study are to examine the associations between pain coping strategies and daily diary-based pain measures and to determine whether these associations differed by race (African American and Caucasian). ⋯ Among participants with OA, pain coping strategies were related to important aspects of the pain experience, particularly pain range and maximum pain. However, race did not modify associations of pain coping strategy use and the pain experience.
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Heart surgery patients' expectations have been shown to be related to surgery outcome, independent of medical status. However, it is unclear which factors determine patients' expectations about disability following heart surgery. ⋯ CABG patients seem to form their disability expectations upon their perceptions about their current disability and their expectations about the efficacy of treatment. Patients' disability expectations appear to be independent from scientifically established risk factors and other psychosocial patient characteristics in heart surgery. Future research is necessary to further determine what factors psychological interventions should focus on to modify patients' disability expectations.
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Review Meta Analysis
The effects of tai chi on depression, anxiety, and psychological well-being: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Tai chi, also called taiji or tai chi chuan, is a form of mind-body exercise that originated from China. It combines Chinese martial arts and meditative movements that promote balance and healing of the mind and body, involving a series of slowly performed, dance-like postures that flow into one another. As it comprises mental concentration, physical balance, muscle relaxation, and relaxed breathing, tai chi shows great potential for becoming widely integrated into the prevention and rehabilitation of a number of medical and psychological conditions. ⋯ In spite of the positive outcomes, the studies to date generally had significant methodological limitations. More RCTs with rigorous research design are needed to establish the efficacy of tai chi in improving psychological well-being and its potential to be used in interventions for populations with various clinical conditions.
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Comparative Study
Factors related to non-recovery from whiplash. The Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT).
Whiplash injuries show a variable prognosis which is difficult to predict. Most individuals experiencing whiplash injuries rapidly recover but a significant proportion develop chronic symptoms and ongoing disability. ⋯ Poor self-rated health seems to be a strong risk factor for whiplash injuries becoming chronic. Diffuse somatic symptoms, musculoskeletal symptoms and symptoms of anxiety at baseline are important prognostic risk factors. Knowledge of these maintaining risk factors enables identification of individuals at risk of non-recovery, facilitating adequate treatment for this vulnerable group.