Shock : molecular, cellular, and systemic pathobiological aspects and therapeutic approaches : the official journal the Shock Society, the European Shock Society, the Brazilian Shock Society, the International Federation of Shock Societies
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Visfatin is produced in and secreted from adipocytes. Increased circulating visfatin level is observed in obese subjects. Previous studies demonstrated that visfatin was involved in obesity-related cardiovascular diseases. ⋯ Visfatin upregulated CD36 and SRA expression and downregulated ABCA1 and ABCG1 expression, subsequently increased ox-LDL uptake and decreased cholesterol efflux, and finally promoted foam cell formation via the PI3K- and ERK-dependent pathways.
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Following successful resuscitation, a significantly impaired microcirculation has been identified. The severity of the impairment of microcirculation is closely related to that of vital organ dysfunction. Sublingual microcirculation is a traditional site for the measurement of tissue perfusion. ⋯ The changes are correlated with the severity of post-resuscitation myocardial dysfunction. Our study testified sublingual site could be substituted by bulbar conjunctival at least in the rat model of cardiac arrest. The measurement of conjunctival microcirculation may provide an accessible and convenient option as sublingual site for monitoring microcirculation in humans.
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To determine the effects of intraperitoneal resuscitation (PR) with different concentrations of sodium pyruvate (PY) on intestinal ischemia reperfusion injury in rats hemorrhagic shock (HS). ⋯ PR using PY solution combined with VR provided protection against intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury following HS and resuscitation. Under the same hypertonic condition, 1.1% PY solution showed significant advantages compared with 2.2% and 1.6% solutions. The underlying mechanisms may include the maintenance of hemodynamic stability, regulation of homeostasis, inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation, and protection of intestinal epithelial tight junction barrier function.
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Impairment of the Endothelial Glycocalyx in Cardiogenic Shock and Its Prognostic Relevance: Erratum.
The article beginning on page 450 of the May 2015 issue should have contained a note indicating that first authorship was shared: Christian Jung and Georg Fuernau contributed equally to this work. The publisher regrets the omission.
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Systemic hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) are major risk factors of cardiac arrest. However, the impacts of hypertension and LVH on the outcome of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and post-resuscitation hypothermia are still undetermined. ⋯ In this rat model, systemic hypertension and LVH did not affect ROSC. However, survival was dismal due to elevated severity of cardiac and cerebral injury in hypertensive animals regardless of short-duration hypothermia.