Shock : molecular, cellular, and systemic pathobiological aspects and therapeutic approaches : the official journal the Shock Society, the European Shock Society, the Brazilian Shock Society, the International Federation of Shock Societies
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Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is associated with high mortality in patients with severe sepsis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of recombinant human thrombomodulin (rhTM) in septic patients undergoing continuous hemodiafiltration (CHDF). Furthermore, effects of rhTM in acute lung injury, the first target organ in sepsis, were investigated using a sepsis model in rats. ⋯ Additive effects of rhTM treatment were observed in septic patients undergoing CHDF.
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IL-33 and WNT1-inducible secreted protein (WISP1) play central roles in acute lung injury (ALI) induced by mechanical ventilation with moderate tidal volume (MTV) in the setting of sepsis. Here, we sought to determine the inter-relationship between IL-33 and WISP1 and the associated signaling pathways in this process. We used a two-hit model of cecal ligation puncture (CLP) followed by MTV ventilation (4 h 10 mL/kg) in wild-type, IL-33-/- or ST2-/- mice or wild-type mice treated with intratracheal antibodies to WISP1. ⋯ This WISP1 upregulation and WNT β-catenin activation were sensitive to inhibition of the β-catenin/TCF/CBP/P300 nuclear pathway. We show that IL-33 drives WISP1 upregulation and ALI during MTV in CLP sepsis. The identification of this relationship and the associated signaling pathways reveals a number of possible therapeutic targets to prevent ALI in ventilated sepsis patients.
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Ferroptosis has been found to play an important role in myocardial ischemia reperfusion (MIR) injury (MIRI). This study aimed to explore whether the improvement effect of Etomidate (Eto) on MIRI was related to ferroptosis. ⋯ Eto attenuated the myocardial injury by inhibiting IR-induced ferroptosis via Nrf2 pathway, which may provide a new idea for clinical reperfusion therapy.
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Burn injuries are a common form of traumatic injury that leads to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Burn injuries are characterized by inflammatory processes and alterations in numerous organ systems and functions. ⋯ Microbial dysbiosis has been linked to multiple disease states; however, its role in exacerbating acute traumatic injuries, such as burn, is poorly understood. In this article, we review studies that document changes in the intestinal microbiome after burn injury, assess the implications in post-burn pathogenesis, and the potential for further discovery and research.