American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Nov 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyJugular vs. Femoral Short-Term Catheterization and Risk of Infection in ICU Patients: Causal Analysis of 2 Randomized Trials.
When subclavian access is not possible, controversy exists between the internal jugular and femoral sites for the choice of central-venous access in intensive care unit patients. ⋯ Femoral and internal jugular accesses lead to similar risks of catheter infection. Internal jugular might be preferred for female, nonchlorhexidine-impregnated dressings users, and when catheters are left in place more than 4 days. Both sites are acceptable when a subclavian approach is not feasible. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00417235 and NCT01189682).
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Nov 2013
Indoor Pollutant Exposures Modify the Effect of Airborne Endotoxin on Asthma in Urban Children.
The effect of endotoxin on asthma morbidity in urban populations is unclear. ⋯ The effects of household airborne endotoxin exposure on asthma are modified by coexposure to air nicotine and NO2, and these pollutants have opposite effects on the relationships between endotoxin and asthma-related outcomes.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Nov 2013
Ambient Carbon Monoxide Associated with Reduced Risk of Hospital Admissions for Respiratory Tract Infections.
Recent experimental and clinical studies suggest that exogenous carbon monoxide (CO) at lower concentrations may have beneficial effects under certain circumstances, whereas population-based epidemiologic studies of environmentally relevant CO exposure generated mixed findings. ⋯ Short-term exposure to ambient CO was associated with decreased risk of hospital admissions for RTI, suggesting some acute protective effects of low ambient CO exposure on respiratory infection.