American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Sep 2014
Comparative StudyThe Relationship between Hospital Volume and Mortality in Severe Sepsis.
Severe sepsis is increasing in incidence and has a high rate of inpatient mortality. Hospitals that treat a larger number of patients with severe sepsis may offer a survival advantage. ⋯ Patients with severe sepsis treated in hospitals with higher case volumes had improved adjusted outcomes.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Sep 2014
Genome-wide Interrogation of Longitudinal FEV1 in Children with Asthma.
Most genomic studies of lung function have used phenotypic data derived from a single time-point (e.g., presence/absence of disease) without considering the dynamic progression of a chronic disease. ⋯ This study offers a strategy to explore the genetic determinants of longitudinal phenotypes, provide a comprehensive picture of disease pathophysiology, and suggest potential treatment targets.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Sep 2014
Comment Letter Case ReportsIn-Flight Pneumothorax: Diagnosis May Be Missed because of Symptom Delay.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Sep 2014
Practice GuidelineElectronic Cigarettes: A Position Statement of the Forum of International Respiratory Societies.
Awareness and usage of electronic cigarettes has exponentially increased during the last few years, especially among young people and women in some countries. The rapid acceptance of electronic cigarettes may be attributed in part to the perception created by marketing and the popular press that they are safer than combustible cigarettes. ⋯ The health and safety claims regarding electronic nicotine delivery devices should be subject to evidentiary review. The potential benefits of electronic cigarettes to an individual smoker should be weighed against potential harm to the population of increased social acceptability of smoking and use of nicotine, the latter of which has addictive power and untoward effects. As a precaution, electronic nicotine delivery devices should be restricted or banned until more information about their safety is available. If they are allowed, they should be closely regulated as medicines or tobacco products.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Sep 2014
HOIL-1L Functions as the PKCζ Ubiquitin Ligase to Promote Lung Tumor Growth.
Protein kinase C zeta (PKCζ) has been reported to act as a tumor suppressor. Deletion of PKCζ in experimental cancer models has been shown to increase tumor growth. However, the mechanisms of PKCζ down-regulation in cancerous cells have not been previously described. ⋯ These data provide first evidence of a mechanism of cancer cell adaptation to hypoxia where HIFs regulate HOIL-1L, which targets PKCζ for degradation to promote tumor survival. We provided a proof of concept that silencing of HOIL-1L impairs lung tumor growth and that HOIL-1L expression predicts survival rate in cancer patients suggesting that HOIL-1L is an attractive target for cancer therapy.