American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Oct 2015
ReviewBone Metastases in Lung Cancer: Potential Novel Approaches to Therapy.
The skeleton is a common site of metastases in lung cancer, an event associated with significant morbidities and poor outcomes. Current antiresorptive therapies provide limited benefit, and novel strategies of prevention and treatment are urgently needed. ⋯ Progress propelled by preclinical models has led to a deeper understanding on the complex interplay of tumor cells in the osseous milieu, unveiling potential new targets for drug development. Improvements in early diagnosis through the use of sophisticated imaging techniques with bone serum biomarkers are also discussed in the context of identifying patients at risk and monitoring disease progression during the course of treatment.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Oct 2015
A Molecular Biomarker to Diagnose Community-acquired Pneumonia on Intensive Care Unit Admission.
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) accounts for a major proportion of intensive care unit (ICU) admissions for respiratory failure and sepsis. Diagnostic uncertainty complicates case management, which may delay appropriate cause-specific treatment. ⋯ CAP and no-CAP patients presented shared and distinct blood genomic responses. We propose the FAIM3:PLAC8 ratio as a candidate biomarker to assist in the rapid diagnosis of CAP on ICU admission. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 01905033).
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Oct 2015
Practice GuidelineAn Official American Thoracic Society/American College of Chest Physicians Policy Statement: Implementation of Low-Dose Computed Tomography Lung Cancer Screening Programs in Clinical Practice.
Annual low-radiation-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening for lung cancer has been shown to reduce lung cancer mortality among high-risk individuals and is now recommended by multiple organizations. However, LDCT screening is complex, and implementation requires careful planning to ensure benefits outweigh harms. Little guidance has been provided for sites wishing to develop and implement lung cancer screening programs. ⋯ Following the strategies delineated in this policy statement may help sites to develop comprehensive LDCT screening programs that are safe and effective.